治疗黑色素瘤的DC疫苗研究新进展

黑色素瘤是最具侵袭性的皮肤恶性肿瘤，易发生早期转移和治疗后复发。治疗性肿瘤疫苗是新兴的免疫疗法，具有毒性低以及可抑制肿瘤转移的特点。目前已有多个针对黑色素瘤治疗性疫苗的研究，其中黑色素瘤治疗性树突状细胞（DC）疫苗引起了广泛关注。虽然肿瘤治疗性DC疫苗在黑色素瘤中的疗效已被多项研究证实，但该类疫苗存在免疫效应不足、单独使用疗效不佳等问题，仍具有较大的改进空间。本文对黑色素瘤的治疗性DC疫苗的研究现状进行了综述，并对肿瘤治疗性DC肿瘤的研究重点及优化策略进行展望。

Research progress on therapeutic DC vaccine against melanoma

Melanoma is the most aggressive skin malignant tumor, which is prone to early metastasis and relapse after treatment. Therapeutic tumor vaccines are new immunotherapies, which have the advantages of low toxicity and inhibiting tumor metastasis. Melanoma has a high mutation load and a large number of specific antigens. Currently, various types of tumor vaccines have been developed for melanoma, especially those based on dendritic cells (DC). Although the efficacy of therapeutic DC vaccines in melanoma has been confirmed by a number of studies, thesevaccines still have problems such as insufficient immune effect and poor efficacy when used alone, and there is still a large room for improvement. In this paper, the current research status of therapeutic DC vaccines for melanoma was reviewed, and the research key points and optimization strategy of therapeutic DC tumor were prospected.