快速减压后大鼠模型视网膜电生理的变化

目的 观察快速减压(RD)后大鼠视网膜电图(ERG)的变化，并探讨减压病造成视网膜早期功能损伤的特点。方法 20只大鼠按数字表法随机分为4组，分别为正常对照(NC)组、安全减压(SD)组、快速减压处理后0 h(RD0)组和6 h(RD6)组，SD组、快速减压处理各组大鼠暴露于加压舱内，舱内气压在30 s内升至1.0 MPa，维持5.5 min,快速减压各组打开放气阀用55 s减至常压，SD组采用动物安全减压方案减到常压。按照国际临床视觉电生理学会的标准化方案，采用国特医疗系统和银-氯化银角膜电极以及银针电极对大鼠进行暗视视网膜电图(Scot-ERG)、振荡电位(OPs)、明视视网膜电图(L-ERG)记录。结果 快速减压后大鼠ERGa、b波以及OPs O2波幅值降低，潜伏期明显延长。快速减压后6h，Scot-ERG b波和OPs O2波幅值增加，RD6组[b波(134.5±27.9) μV，O2波(27.1±9.2)μV]较RD0组[b波(56.5±21.1) μV,O2波(8.1±1.9) μV]高(P＜0.05)。SD组比RD0组和RD6组视网膜电活动受抑制程度轻，SD组Scot-ERG b波和OPs O2波幅值[b波(266.5±25.2) μV，02波(44.1±5.6) μV]高于快速减压后RD0组和RD6组(P＜0.05)。结论 快速减压会造成大鼠视网膜电生理异常，安全减压可有助于减轻这种功能损伤。

Changes of retinal electrophysiology in the rat model following rapid decompression sickness model

Objective To observe changes in the rat electroretinogram following rapid decompression (RD) and to explore features of initial retinal function impairment induced by decompression sickness. Methods Twenty rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the normal control (NC) group, the sale decompression (SD) group, the 0 h and 6 h after rapid decompression ( RD0 and RD6) group. The treated animals in the safe decompression group and rapid decompression group were exposed in the hyperbaric chamber and air pressure in the chamber rose up to 1.0 MPa in 30 s and maintained at that pressure for 5.5 min. The rapid decompression group was decompressed to normal pressure in 55 s with the relief valve, while the rapid decompression group was decompressed to normal pressure with the safe decompression profile. In accordance with the International Society for Clinical Visual Electrophysiology Standard Program, scotopic electroretinography (Scot-ERG), oscillatory potentials (OPs) and light electroretinography (L-ERG) were recorded in the experimental rats, with the Guote Medical system,Ag-AgCl corneal contact electrode and silver needle electrodes. Results The amplitudes of ERG a and b waves and oscillatory potential O2 wave decreased and latency delayed significantly in rats following rapid decompression. The amplitudes of scot-ERG b wave ( 134. 5 ±27. 9) μV, and OPs O2 wave (27.1 ±9. 2) μV increased 6 hours after rapid decompression, when a comparison was made with those of the RD0 group. The amplitudes of b wave ( 134. 5 ±27.9) μV and O2 wave (27.1 ±9.2) μV in the RD6 group was higher than those of b wave (56. 5 ±21.1 ) μV and O2 wave (8. 1 ±1.9) μV in the RD0 group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). And the amplitudes of Scot-ERG b wave ( 266.5 ± 25.2) μV and OPs O2 wave (44. 1 ± 5.6) μV in the SD group were higher than those in the RD0 and RD6 groups (P ＜0. 05). Conclusions Rapid decompression could induce retinal electrophysiological dysfunction and safe decompression might be helpful to relieve functional injuries in rats.