新疆维吾尔自治区夏尔西里自然保护区全沟硬蜱复合感染蜱媒病原研究

目的 了解新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)夏尔西里自然保护区全沟硬蜱蜱媒病原复合感染情况。方法 2012年6月至2013年6月在新疆夏尔西里自然保护区采用布旗法采集全沟硬蜱,通过巢式PCR方法对蜱体内莱姆病伯氏疏螺旋体Borrelia(B.) burgdorferi] 5S~23S rRNA 基因间隔区、无形体(Anaplasma)16S rRNA基因、斑点热立克次体(Rickettsia)ompA基因、Q热贝氏柯克斯体Coxiella(C.)burneti的com1基因、巴贝西原虫(Babesia)的Nss-rRNA基因进行扩增。结果 204只全沟硬蜱中104只蜱病原检测阳性,阳性率为50.98%,其中伯氏疏螺旋体阳性率为34.31%(n=70),斑点热立克次体阳性率为28.92%(n=59),嗜吞噬细胞无形体阳性率为9.31%(n=19),未检出Q热贝氏柯克斯体和巴贝西原虫。χ²检验显示,不同病原感染率差异有统计学意义(χ²=38.517,P=0.000)。204只蜱中有39只存在复合感染,复合感染率为19.12%(39/204),在病原检测阳性蜱中复合感染率为37.50%(39/104)。伯氏疏螺旋体与斑点热立克次体复合感染率为16.18%(n=33);伯氏疏螺旋体与嗜吞噬细胞无形体复合感染率为4.90%(n=10),斑点热立克次体与嗜吞噬细胞无形体复合感染率为2.94%(n=6),3种病原体复合感染率为2.45%(n=5)。经χ²检验,3种病原混合感染率差异有统计学意义(χ²=41.328,P=0.000)。结论 新疆夏尔西里自然保护区全沟硬蜱存在伯氏疏螺旋体、嗜吞噬细胞无形体、斑点热立克次体的自然感染,并存在2~3种病原的复合感染。

Study on co-infection of tick-borne pathogens in Ixodes persulcatus in Charles Hilary,Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region

Objective To study the co-infection of tick-borne pathogens in Ixodes persulcatus collected in Charles Hilary,Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region(Xinjiang). Methods Ticks were collected by flagging in grassy areas in Charles Hilary,Xinjiang from June 2012 to June 2013. The 5S-23S rRNA intergenic region from Borrelia(B.) burgdorferi,16S rRNA gene from Anaplasma,ompA gene from spotted fever group Rickettsia,com1 gene from Coxiella(C.)burneti and Nss-rRNA gene from Babesia were amplified with nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR),respectively. Results Among 204 Ixodes persulcatus,104 were positive for tick-borne pathogens with the positive rate of 50.98%,and among them the positive rates of B. burgdorferi,spotted fever group Rickettsia and Anaplasma phagocytophilum were 34.31%(n=70),28.92%(n=59),9.31%(n=19),respectively. And no C. burnetii and Babesia were detected. The overall co-infection rate was 19.12%(39/204),the co-infection rate was 16.18%(33/204) for B. garinii and spotted fever group Rickettsia,4.90%(10/204) for B. burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum,2.94%(6/204) for spotted fever group Rickettsia and Anaplasma phagocytophilum and 2.45%(5/204) for B. burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and spotted fever group Rickettsia. Conclusion The results indicated that the natural co-infections of B. garinii,B. afzelii, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and spotted fever group Rickettsia existed in Charles Hilary Ixodes persulcatus collected in Xinjiang.