湖北省2008－2012年血吸虫病空间流行分析

目的 分析湖北省血吸虫病流行区县(市、区)级别血吸虫病的流行状况以及空间分布规律. 方法 回顾性分析2008－2012年湖北省血吸虫病流行县(市、区)人群疫情数据资料,并与湖北省GIS地理空间数据库进行匹配,构建湖北省血吸虫病的空间分析数据库.运用全局空间自相关的Moran''s I指标以及局部空间自相关的Getis-Ord Gi^*指标分析湖北省血吸虫病的空间聚集性.结果 2008－2012年湖北省血吸虫病人数、居民血吸虫感染率均呈下降趋势.5年间居民血吸虫感染率的全局空间自相关分析结果有统计学意义(Moran''s I>0,P<0.01).局部空间自相关分析结果显示,居民血吸虫感染率高值聚集县(市、区)数在8～11个,呈现先增加后减少的趋势.高值聚集区主要分布在荆州区、沙市区、江陵县、公安县、石首市、监利县、洪湖市和赤壁市8个县(市、区).结论 2008－2012年湖北省县(市、区)级居民血吸虫感染率分布存在空间自相关,有空间聚集现象,且高值聚集区主要分布在长江流域江汉平原范围.

Epidemic and spatial distribution of Schistosomiasis in Hubei province from 2008 to 2012

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation and spatial distribution of schistosomiasis in Hubei province. Methods Data on schistosomiasis endemic in humans were retrospectively collected at the county level from 2008 to 2012. Data on endemic schistosomiasis were matched to Geographic Information System (GIS) and geospatial databases to constitute the spatial database for analysis on schistosomiasis. Spatial aggregation of Schistosoma(S.) japonicum infection was analyzed by global spatial autocorrelation,using the Moran''s I index and local spatial autocorrelation of the Getis-Ord Gi^* index. Results Both the number of schistosomiasis patients and the rate of infection on S. japonicum decreased from 2008 to 2012. Results from the global autocorrelation analysis on the prevalence of human S. japonicum infection for 5 years were statistically significant (Moran''s I>0,P<0.01). From local autocorrelation analysis,data showed that the number of highly aggregated areas ranged from eight to eleven within the five-year period. The highly aggregated areas were mainly distributed in eight counties,namely Jingzhou district,Shashi district,Jiangling county,Gongan county,Shishou city,Jianli county,Honghu city,and Chibi city. Conclusion Spatial agglomerations were present in the distribution of human S. japonicum infection from 2008 to 2012. Highly cluster areas were mainly distributed in the Yangtze River Basin of Jianghan Plain area.