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Avemar, a nontoxic fermented wheat germ extract, induces apoptosis and inhibits ribonucleotide reductase in human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells |
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| Authors: | Saiko Philipp Ozsvar-Kozma Maria Madlener Sibylle Bernhaus Astrid Lackner Andreas Grusch Michael Horvath Zsuzsanna Krupitza Georg Jaeger Walter Ammer Kirsten Fritzer-Szekeres Monika Szekeres Thomas |
| Affiliation: | aClinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria bInstitute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria cDepartment of Medicine I, Division of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria dDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria |
| Abstract: | Avemar (MSC) is a nontoxic fermented wheat germ extract demonstrated to significantly improve the survival rate in patients suffering from various malignancies. We investigated its effects in human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. After 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation, Avemar inhibited the growth of HL-60 cells with IC50 values of 400, 190, and 160 μg/ml, respectively. Incubation with MSC caused dose-dependent induction of apoptosis in up to 85% of tumor cells. In addition, Avemar attenuated the progression from G2–M to G0–G1 phase of the cell cycle and was also found to significantly reduce the in situ activity of ribonucleotide reductase, the key enzyme of de novo DNA synthesis. We conclude that Avemar exerts a number of beneficial effects which could support conventional chemotherapy of human malignancies. |
| Keywords: | Avemar HL-60 cells Ribonucleotide reductase Apoptosis Cell cycle |
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