口服抗凝药的过去、现在与未来

口服抗凝药（OACs)对于预防以及治疗血栓栓塞性疾病该病具有重要的临床价值。作为维生素K拮抗剂，华法林曾长期作为OACs的唯一选择。近年来，非维生素K口服拮抗剂（NOACs)因相对简单的药物间相互作用以及无需检测凝血功能等特点极大的提高了患者服药便利性，迅速在临床上得到广泛应用。但该类药物仍存在长期应用出血风险偏高、消化道出血风险较华法林增加等问题。目前以FXI为靶点的下一代口服抗凝药正在积极研发中，有望在未来为血栓栓塞性疾病患者提供更为优异的药物选择。

The past, present and future of oral anticoagulants

Oral anticoagulants (OACs) are crucial to the treatment of thromboembolic diseases. As vitamin K antagonist, warfarin once was the mainstay of OAC therapy. In recent years, non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are widely used in clinical practice for their simple drugs interaction and convenience for free of coagulation monitoring. However, NOACs remain hemorrhage threat for patients with long-term anticoagulation therapy indication and increase the chance of gastrointestinal bleeding. Since that, next generation OACs targeting Factor XI are under research and expected to provide the potential for better anticoagulation therapy.