不同年龄段慢性便秘患者病因特点分析

背景:慢性便秘(CC)的病因多样化,不同年龄段CC的病因特点可能存在差异。目的:探讨不同年龄段CC患者的病因特点。方法:选取2012年6月~2013年6月于山西医科大学第一医院就诊的CC患者369例,分为青年组、中年组、老年组,采用问卷调查的方法采集患者资料,问卷内容包括一般情况、CC发病相关因素,分析各组CC患者病因特点。结果:功能性CC病因中,中年组、老年组低纤维素饮食、进食量减少、滥用泻剂的比例较青年组显著增加(P0.05),饮食不规律、长时间抑制便意、排便不专注、工作/生活压力大的比例较青年组显著减少(P0.05)。器质性CC病因中,中年组、老年组结直肠息肉/肿瘤、伴随疾病、长期服用药物的比例较青年组显著增加(P0.05)。中年组、老年组女性发生焦虑和抑郁的比例较青年组显著增加(P0.05),三组男性患者发生焦虑和抑郁的比例差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:青年CC患者需注意饮食习惯、排便习惯、生活/工作压力,中老年CC患者需注意结直肠息肉或肿瘤以及可引起CC的伴随疾病、药物性因素等,中老年女性CC患者需注意焦虑和抑郁等精神因素。

Etiological Characteristics of Chronic Constipation in Patients with Different Ages

Various etiological factors are responsible for chronic constipation （CC）, and differences are seen in patients with different age groups. Aims： To investigate the etiological characteristics of CC in patients with different age groups. Methods： A total of 369 patients with CC from June 2012 to June 2013 at The First Clinical Hospital, Shanxi Medical University were enrolled and were assigned into young age group, middle age group and older age group. A questionnaire survey was conducted, data on general conditions and etiology of CC were collected and etiological characteristics of CC were analyzed. Results： In functional etiological factors, the rates of low-fiber diet, reduced food intake, abuse of purgative were significantly increased in middle age group and older age group than in young age group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The rates of disordered eating, long-term suppression of defecation, defecation not focused, high living or working pressure were significantly increased in young age group than in middle age group and older age group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. In organic etiological factors, the rates of colorectal polyps or neoplasms, concomitant disease and long-term intake of drugs were significantly increased in middle age group and older age group than in young age group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence of anxiety and depression in females was significantly increased in middle age group and older age group than in young age group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence of anxiety and depression in males was not significantly different between the three age groups （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions ： Young age group should pay more attention to eating habit, bowel movement habit and lowering the living and working pressure. Middle age and older age groups should pay more attention to colorectal polyps or neoplasms, concomitant disease and drag-induced factors. Females in middle age and older age groups should pay more attention to anxiety and depression.