牙-牙槽骨联合移植修复牙列缺损的临床应用研究

目的 评价牙-牙槽骨联合移植修复牙列缺损的临床效果。方法 将45例牙列缺损患者根据牙移植手术方法不同分为2组：A组24例，采用改良的外科正牙手术方法，在供区移植牙周围牙槽骨内切取牙-牙槽骨的复合体，在受区预备相应的洞型后，植入牙-牙槽骨复合体；B组21例，采用常规牙移植方法，取出移植牙，制备植牙窝，植入供牙。2组正畸固定4~6周，术后2~12周选择性根管治疗，定期随访观察，对临床效果进行评价。结果 2组移植牙在牙冠色泽变化以及牙周膜影像等方面无统计学差异（P>0.05），在松动度、牙根吸收、根管治疗比率、牙槽骨吸收等方面有统计学差异（P<0.05），A组疗效优于B组。结论 牙-牙槽骨移植克服了传统牙移植的部分缺点，可作为牙列缺损的修复方法之一。

Clinical application on restoration of dentition defects using tooth-alveolar bone grafts

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of tooth-alveolar bone grafts in repairing dentition defects. Methods Forty-five patients with dentition defect were divided into two groups according to different operation methods. In group A (n=24), the tooth-alveolar bone grafts of the transplanted tooth and its surrounding alveolar bone were cut using modified surgical orthodontics and then embedded into the designated planting hole. In group B (n=21), the teeth were extracted through conventional tooth transplantation and then embedded into the prepared planting holes. The transplanted teeth were fixed for about 4–6 weeks using the orthodontic method. During the postoperation, which lasted for 2–12 weeks, root canal treatments were administered selectively. The medical effect was regularly followed up and evaluated.Results No significant difference was found in the change of color and the periodontal ligament image between the two groups (P>0.05) whereas significant differences were observed in the degree of tooth mobility, the absorption of root and alveolar bone, and the rate of root canal treatment (P<0.05). The curative effect in group A was superior to group B.Conclusion Tooth-alveolar bone graft transplantation has overcome some of the limitations of traditional tooth transplantation. Therefore, it is an effective means of repairing dentition defect.