饥饿诱导肿瘤细胞自噬对细胞周期的影响

背景与目的:无血清饥饿方法可以诱发细胞自噬,同时也可以引起细胞周期阻滞。虽然研究者们对细胞自噬与细胞周期已经进行了深入的研究,但是对于两者之间的关系还是知之甚少。本研究旨在通过研究细胞周期素(Cyclin)在饥饿诱导的细胞发生自噬时表达的变化,来探讨自噬对细胞周期的影响。方法:对照组:d-Hanks液代替培养基饥饿诱导处于对数生长期的HeLa细胞,收获饥饿0、3、6、12h的细胞。实验组:用d-Hanks液开始饥饿的同时加入3-甲基腺嘌呤(3-methyladenine,3-MA),收获饥饿0、3、6、12h的细胞,用流式细胞术和Western blot法检测细胞周期素和特异性标记自噬的兔抗人微管相关蛋白1轻链3Ⅱ(microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3,LC-3)。结果:饥饿3h对照组HeLa细胞中有LC-3表达,并随饥饿时间延长而逐渐增加。Cyclin E、Cyclin D3在饥饿3h开始减少,在饥饿6h降低至最低水平,而Cyclin A、Cyclin B1在饥饿6h开始下降。实验组HeLa细胞在饥饿3h时LC-3的表达水平较低,随饥饿时间的延长LC-3表达基本不变化,Cyclin D3、Cyclin E、Cyclin A、Cyclin B1表达的下降速度也较对照组减慢。结论:自噬参与饥饿诱导的Cyclin降解的水解过程,Cyclin D3、Cyclin E水解比Cyclin A、Cyclin B1出现早,降解速度快。

Effect of starvation-induced autophagy on cell cycle of tumor cells

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: No serum starvation could induce autophagy and cell cycle arrest. Although autophagy and cell cycle have been widely explored, little is known about their relationship. This study was to observe the change of Cyclin expression during starvation-induced autophagy to discuss the effect of autophagy on cell cycle. METHODS: In control group, HeLa cells were treated with d-Hanks solution (a medium with no serum). In experiment group, HeLa cells were treated with d-Hanks solution containing 3-methyladenine (3-MA, a specific inhibitor of autophagy). Cells were harvested after being starved for 0, 3, 6 and 12 h. Flow cytometry (FCM) and Weston blot were used to detect Cyclin and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC-3) which marked autophagy specifically. RESULTS: In control group, the expression of LC-3 protein was detected early after being starved for 3 h, and gradually increased along with starvation; the expression of Cyclin D3 and Cyclin E was decreased evidently after a short-time starvation (3 h) and descended to the minimum when cells were being staved for 6 h; the expression of Cyclin A and Cyclin B1 were apparently decreased after being staved for 6 h. In experiment group, LC-3 protein could not be detected during starvation when cells were exposed to 3-MA and the down-regulation of Cyclins was suppressed. CONCLUSIONS: Autophagy is involved in starvation-induced hydrolysis of Cyclins. The hydrolysis of Cyclin D3 and Cyclin E is quicker than that of Cyclin A and Cyclin B1.