常熟市农村居民对高血压患病的知晓和治疗情况

目的:了解常熟市农村居民高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率的变化情况.方法 采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,分别于1999和2010年调查35周岁以上农村居民22 423和4 634人,自行设计调查表调查一般情况、高血压患病情况、治疗情况,同时进行血压测量.结果 ①2次调查高血压粗患病率分别为37.58％和36.75％,差异无统计学意义,标化患病率分别为35.04％和26.92％,2010年调查标化患病率明显下降.②男性调查粗患病率下降(x2=9.37,P＜0.01),女性调查粗患病率差异无统计学意义,2次调查男性粗患病率、标化患病率均高于女性.2次调查显示,随着年龄的上升,各年龄组高血压患病率均上升,差异且有统计学意义.男女比较,1999年调查70岁～年龄组以前患病率男性高于女性,70岁～年龄组以后男女患病率差异无统计学意义；2010年调查60岁～年龄组以前患病率男性高于女性,60岁～年龄组以后男女患病率差异无统计学意义；50岁～及以前年龄组,1999年调查患病率显著高于2010年调查患病率；60岁～及以上年龄组,2次调查患病率差异不大.③高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率、治疗者控制率2010年均高于1999年；高血压知晓率、治疗率1999年调查女性高于男性,而2010年调查男女差异无统计学意义；高血压控制率、治疗者控制率1999年调查女性高于男性,而2010年调查为男性高于女性.结论 2010年调查与1999年调查结果相比,常熟市农村居民高血压患病率得到控制,但随着人口老龄化,老年人口高血压患病率有增高趋势；高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率、治疗者控制率均有所提高,但控制率、治疗者控制率仍较低.

Awareness and Treatment of Hypertension in Rural Residents of Changshu City

Objective]To investigate the prevalence,awareness,treatment and control rates changes among rural residents in Changshu City. Methods]A stratified multistage cluster sampling was used to select 22 423 and 4 634 rural residents aged over 35 in 1999 and 2010 separately.They were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire on general condition,prevalence and treatment of hypertension.Blood pressure measurement was performed simultaneously. Results]①The crude prevalence rates of hypertension were 37.58% and 36.75% of 2 times.There was no significant difference.The standardized prevalence rates were 35.04% and 26.92%.The last was significant lower than front.②The prevalence was significantly decreased in males（χ2=9.37,P0.01）,however it was not significantly different in females.The crude prevalence rates and standardized prevalence rates of males were higher than those of females in both 2 times.The prevalence increased significantly with age in each age group.In 1999,the prevalence of male was significantly higher than that of female in 70~79 years age groups,while the difference was not significant in 70~79 years age groups.In 2010,the prevalence of male was significantly higher than that of female in 60~69 years age groups,while the difference was not significant in 60~69 years age groups.In ≤50~59 years age groups,the prevalence in 1999 was higher than that in 2010;while the difference was not significant between ≥ 60~69 years age groups.③The rates of hypertension awareness,treatment,control and curers under control in 2010 were significant higher than those in 1999.In 1999,the rates of awareness,treatment in females were higher than those in males,but there was no significant difference in 2010.In 1999,the rates of control and curers under control in females were higher than those in males,but the result was contrary in 2010. Conclusion]Compared the surveys,the prevalence of hypertension in rural residents is under control.The prevalence of hypertension of older residents is increasing as the percentage of older residents increased.The rates of awareness,treatment,control and curers under control are increasing,however the rates of control and curers under control are still low.