乳腺癌患者一级亲属对乳腺癌早期筛查认知情况调查

目的了解乳腺癌患者一级亲属对乳腺癌早期筛查认知情况及探讨其影响因素,为临床针对性开展护理干预和健康教育提供理论依据和指导。方法选取2013年8月至2014年1月本院乳腺治疗中心乳腺癌患者一级亲属213例作为研究对象,采用问卷调查的形式分析乳腺癌患者一级亲属对乳腺癌早期筛查认知情况及其影响因素。结果乳腺癌患者一级亲属对乳腺癌疾病相关知识获取途径主要来源于亲属住院期间的健康教育(29.11%)和医护人员(24.41%);在乳腺癌高危因素认知上主要有认为其发病与乳腺良性疾病史(65.73%)、长期服用激素(64.32%)和家族史(61.03%)有关,在临床表现上,主要认为乳腺癌的临床表现为乳房肿块(88.26%);在早期筛查方法上,主要通过乳房临床检查(52.11%);乳腺癌相关知识认知程度与乳腺癌患者一级亲属居住地、有无职业和文化程度有关(P0.05),与年龄和婚姻状况无关(P0.05);乳腺癌患者一级亲属主要希望通过邮寄资料获取相关健康教育知识。结论乳腺癌患者一级亲属对乳腺癌早期筛查认知不足,应加大预防乳腺癌相关知识的健康教育,并注意不同居住地、职业和文化程度的宣传教育方式,努力提高防癌意识。

Investigation of awareness situation about breast cancer early screening in first-degree relatives of patients with breast cancer

Objective To investigate the awareness situation about breast cancer early screening in first degree relatives of the patients with breast cancer and the influencing factors to provide the scientific basis and guidance for developing targeted nursing intervention and health education .Methods 213 first‐degree relatives of the patients with breast cancer in the breast cancer treatment center of our hospital from August 2013 to January 2014 were se‐lected and performed the questionnaire survey for analyzing their awareness about breast cancer early screening and the influencing factors .Results The achieving approaches about breast cancer‐related knowledge in the first‐degree relatives of the patients with breast cancer mainly came from the health education (29 .11% ) and medical workers (24 .41% ) during the relative hospitalization .In the awareness about breast cancer risk factors ,most of first degree relatives of patients with breast cancer deemed that its occurrence was related with the breast benign disease history (65 .73% ) ,long‐term use of hormones (64 .32% ) and family history (61 .03% ) .In the clinical manifestations ,they deemed that the clinical manifestation of breast cancer mainly was breast lump (88 .26% ) .In the early screening method ,the clinical breast examination(52 .11% ) was predominant .The awareness degree about breast cancer‐related knowledge was significantly correlated with the residence place ,whether having occupation and educational level of first degree relatives of the patients with breast cancer (P< 0 .05) ,but had no correlation with age and marital status (P> 0 .05) .Most of first degree relatives of breast cancer patients hoped to obtain the health education knowledge by mailing data .Conclusion The awareness about breast cancer early screening in first‐degree relatives of breast cancer patients is insufficient .The health education of breast cancer related knowledge should be reinforced and the ways of health education should pay attention to according to different resident places ,occupations and educational level to try to improve the cancer prevention awareness .