昆明市城区中小学生伤害流行病学研究

目的　了解昆明市城区中小学生伤害的现状及其相关的因素,为建立相应的预防措施提供科学依据。方法　于2 0 0 3年9月至2 0 0 4年9月抽取昆明市城区小学及中学各2所,采用统一的调查表格对抽取学校在校全体学生1年内的伤害情况和家庭情况进行问卷调查。结果　共调查995 9名中小学生,发生伤害310 4人次,伤害发生率为31 17% ,男生伤害发生率为33 38% (16 72 / 5 0 0 9) ,明显高于女生发生率2 8 93% (14 32 / 4 95 0 ) (P <0 0 1) ;伤害发生的前五位原因依次为跌伤(2 6 91% )、碰伤(2 0 32 % )、刀具伤(10 14 % )、烫伤(7 5 5 % )和动物咬伤(7 12 % ) ;伤害发生地点以学校(37 92 % )、家中(31 15 % )为主;父、母文化程度高,父、母亲单独寄养,离异后重组的家庭的子女伤害发生率较高。结论　该次调查的中小学生的伤害发生率较高,应强化安全卫生教育,提高学生自我保护意识,并为学生提供一个安全环境,以预防控制中小学生伤害的发生

Epidemiological study on student injury in primary and middle school in Kunming city

Objective To learn the current condition of injury and it's related risk factors in primary and middle school in Kunming city and guide the prevention. Methods Uniform questionnaire was used to survey all students in 4 schools (Two primary and two middle) in urban area in Kunming city from September 2003 to September 2004. Results The total number of children investigated was 9 959 and the person-time of injury was 3 104. The overall incidence rate was 31.17%; The incidences in boys and girls were 33.38%( 1 672/ 5 009) and 28.93%( 1 432/ 4 950) respectively (P<0.01). The main causes were falling (26.91%), colliding (20.32%), cutting and stabbing (10.14%), burning (7.55%) and animal bite (7.12%). 37.92% injury occurred in school and 31.15% at home. High parent's education, single-parent family and recombined family were risk factors. Conclusion The total injury incidence among this group was high. It is very important to improve the injury intervention to prevent and control injury in school students.