2011—2016年河北省肿瘤登记地区食管癌发病和死亡流行情况分析

目的 食管癌是最常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一,河北省则位于食管癌的高发区。本研究旨在分析2011—2016年河北省食管癌最新的流行趋势和特征。方法 对河北省27个肿瘤登记处的食管癌发病和死亡资料进行统计分析。按城乡、性别和年龄组分析发病率和死亡率。采用中国2000年普查人口和Segi′s世界人口计算年龄标准化率。应用灰色模型对高发区磁县和涉县的死亡率进行预测。结果 2011—2016年,河北省共报告食管癌14 905例,死亡9 933例,粗发病率为21.73/10万,粗死亡率为14.48/10万。发病率和死亡率均呈男性高于女性,农村高于城市的特点。河北省食管癌发病率和死亡率有下降趋势(P＜0.001)。磁县、涉县高发区发病率和死亡率呈长期下降趋势,预测未来十年食管癌死亡率将继续下降。结论 河北省食管癌发病率和死亡率呈稳步下降趋势,但其疾病负担仍然较重。食管癌的一级预防、早发现、早治疗应更关注农村居民和男性人群。

An analysis of the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in Hebei cancer registration area from 2011 to 2016

Objective Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract,and Hebei province is located in the high-incidence area of esophageal cancer.This study aims to analyze the latest epidemic trends and characteristics of esophageal cancer in Hebei province from 2011 to 2016. Methods Statistical analysis was performed on the incidence and death data of esophageal cancer in 27 tumor registries of Hebei province.The incidence and mortality were analyzed by urban and rural,gender,and age group.The age-standardized rate was calculated using China′s 2000 census population and Segi′s World population.The grey model was used to predict the mortality of Cixian and Shexian,where were high-incidence areas. Results A total of 14,905 cases of esophageal cancer and 9,933 deaths of esophageal cancer from 2011 to 2016 were reported in Hebei province.The crude incidence was 21.73/100,000 and the mortality was 14.48/100,000.The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer were both higher in men than those in women,and higher in rural areas than those in urban areas.The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in Hebei province had a downward trend(P＜0.001).The incidence and mortality in the high-incidence areas of Cixian and Shexian showed a long-term downward trend.It was predicted that the mortality of esophageal cancer would continue to decline in the next ten years. Conclusion The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in Hebei province are steadily declining,but the disease burden is still heavy.The primary prevention,early detection and early treatment of esophageal cancer should pay more attention to rural residents and male population.