回旋加速器放射性药物生产场所的防护设计与分析

【摘要】目的掌握回旋加速器放射性药物生产场所的辐射危害因素及其水平，为场所的防护设计和放射性药物生产的放射防护提供指导。方法以某医院引进的1台HM-20S型回旋加速器及其药物生产场所为研究对象，依据国家有关法规和技术标准确定场所中的辐射危害因素类别及场所级别，对相应的防护设施与措施进行分析和评价。结果制订出放射性药物生产场所的辐射防护设计方案，其中对热室工作区出人口采取GMP（良好作业规范）设计；估算出了控制区外围和场所关注点的辐射水平，在60mmPb厚壁工作箱内进行222GBq的18F操作时，操作位置的剂量率为9．6ixSv／h；明确了回旋加速器机房内活化产物的来源及其防护措施；带有自屏蔽的回旋加速器运行时，机房内的0，浓度远低于标准规定的职业接触限值。结论该放射性药物生产场所的防护设计充分考虑了放射性污染和外照射的防护，但其防护方案中还需对回旋加速器机房及防护门的屏蔽设计进行优化。

Protection design and analysis on the producing workplace of radiopharmaceutical manufactured by cyclotron

Objective To understand the radiation hazard factor and its level in radiopharmaceutical production sites by cyclotron, so as to provide guidance for radiation protection. Methods A cyclotron typed HM-20S and its workplace, which belonged to a hospital, were studied as the object. The classification of radiation hazard factors and grade of the workplace were confirmed according to the relative national regulations and technological standards. The related protection facilities and measures were analyzed and assessed at the same time. Results The project of radiation protection was formulated for commissioning of the radiopharmaceutical producing workplace, and the entrance compartment to hot area was devised in GMP （Good Manufacturing Practice） plan. The radiation level of outside controlled areas and focus points in the workplace were calculated. The maximum was 9.6p~Sv/h on the manipulation location while 222GBq of lSF was operated in the work box with 60mm Pb. The source of activated products was discovered and some protection suggestions were claimed. The concentration level of 03 in the accelerator room was much lower than the occupational limit, which restricted in the criterion, while the cyclotron with self- shielding was running. Conclusion The protection measures for both radioactive contamination and external radiation were taken into considerations sufficiently in protection designing of the radiopharmaceutical producing workplace. However, the shielding of cyclotron room and protective door also should be optimized in the project of radiation protection.