国内外护理学本科生毕业考核现状与分析

教育测量与评价对实现教育目标具有重要作用。科学的教育评价既促进学生学习,又为教育决策提供依据,以实现持续质量改进。"健康中国2030"的整体目标、医学科学的发展及人民的健康需求,对新时代护理人才的培养提出了更高、更具体的要求。高等护理院校应以国家和社会对护理人才需求、院校培养目标为导向,以测量理论为基础,制定完善的学业评定标准,科学地开展毕业考核,保证人才"出口"质量。毕业考核作为终结性评价,测试内容在评价质量中起核心作用,应符合国家护理学专业培养标准,并与院校培养目标、课程目标契合。院校应关注护理本科生毕业考核质量,在保障测试信度的同时,做到实施公平、评价适当、标准一致,以确保测试的效度。教育管理部门及各院校应优化评价体系,加强对护理本科生毕业管理,在充分开展系统调查与分析的基础上,基于胜任力导向和结果导向,建立综合性评价体系,在教学过程中进行全方位反馈评价管理。文章结合国内外护理学专业本科生毕业考核的现状,从考核目的、内容、方式、评价主体、质量控制等方面进行综述与分析,为我国加强护理学本科教育,完善护理学专业本科生毕业评价体系建设提供借鉴。

Status and Analysis of Graduation Examination of Nursing Undergraduate Students at Home and Abroad

Educational measurement and evaluation play an important role in achieving educational goals.Scientific educational evaluation not only promotes students'learning,but also provides basis for educational decision-making,as well as achieve continuous quality improvement.According to the goal of“Healthy China 2030”,the development of medical science and the growing health needs of people,higher requirements are put forward for the training of nursing talents.Nursing universities should not only take the national needs for nursing talents and the training objectives as the guidance,but also take the measurement theory as the basis,to formulate perfect academic evaluation standards and carry out scientific graduation assessment,even guarantees the quality of talent"export".Graduation assessment is a form of summative assessment,the content of graduation assessment plays a key role in the quality of evaluation,therefore,the assessment content should be in line with the national nursing professional training standards,at the same time,it should be consistent with the training objectives and curriculum objectives of universities.Nursing universities should pay attention to the quality of graduation assessment for nursing undergraduates,by adopting fair and standard-consistent examination,both the reliability and validity of the test should be guaranteed.Education management departments and colleges should optimize the evaluation system and strengthen the management of nursing undergraduate graduation,under the premise of systematic investigation and analysis,based on competency and outcome oriented,to achieve the purpose of establishing a comprehensive evaluation system.This article reviews and analyzes the purpose,content,method,evaluation subject and quality control of graduation assessment at home and abroad,in order to strengthen nursing undergraduate education and provide reference for the construction of graduation evaluation system.