多种梅毒抗体检测方法的比较

目的利用梅毒酶联免疫吸附试验(TP-ELISA)、梅毒螺旋体抗体快速血浆反应素试验(RPR)、梅毒螺旋体胶凝试验(TPPA)和梅毒螺旋体抗体胶体金试纸(金标法)4种不同的方法进行梅毒抗体检测,以探讨方法学的敏感性和特异性。方法用目前常用的TP-ELISA、RPR、TPPA和金标法对67例阳性标本及80例阴性标本分别进行检测。结果 TP-ELISA、RPR、TPPA和金标法的灵敏度分别为95.5%、80.6%、98.5%、91.0%,特异性分别为91.3%、88.8%、97.5%、100.0%,阳性预期值分别为90.1%、85.7%、97.1%、100.0%,阴性预期值分别为96.1%、84.5%、98.7%、93.0%。结论 TP-ELISA是目前筛查梅毒的理想方法。RPR检测梅毒非特异性抗体用于疗效观察及过筛试验。金标法快速方便,很适合应用于急诊标本。TPPA不适合大规模的血液筛查,适用于对筛查后的阳性标本进行梅毒抗体的确证试验。

Comparison of various detection methods for syphilis antibodies

Objective To adopt 4 different methods of syphilis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（TP-ELISA）,Treponema pallidum antibody rapid plasma reagin test（RPR）,Treponema pallidum gel test（TPPA） and Treponema pallidum antibody colloidal gold strips（colloidal gold） for detecting syphilis antibodies to examine the methodological sensitivity and specificity.Methods The currently used TP-ELISA,RPR,TPPA and colloidal gold were used to detect syphilis antibodies in 67 positive specimens and 80 negative samples.Results The sensitivities of TP-ELISA,RPR,TPPA and colloidal gold were 95.5%,80.6%,98.5% and 91.0%,the specificity was 91.3%,88.8%,97.5% and 100.0%,the positive predictive value were 90.1%,85.7%,97.1% and 100.0%,the negative predictive values were 96.1%,84.5%,98.7% and 93.0%.Conclusion TP-ELISA is the ideal method for screening of syphilis at the present.RPR for detecting non-specific syphilis antibodies is used to screening tests and efficacy monitoring.Colloidal gold is quick,convenient and very suitable for detecting the emergency samples.TPPA is unsuitable for large-scale blood screening and suitable for confirmation test of syphilis antibodies in the positive specimens after screening.