孕期负性生活事件对出生缺陷的影响

目的:调查影响母亲孕期心理状况的负性生活事件,探讨孕期负性生活事件对子代出生缺陷的影响。方法:用频数匹配的病例对照研究设计、用一般情况调查表和生活事件量表,通过面访的形式分别对350例出生缺陷儿童的母亲和350例正常儿童的母亲进行问卷调查,并对资料进行分析。结果:病例组和对照组母亲孕期负性生活事件发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);病例组母亲孕期负性生活事件总刺激量及家庭方面负性刺激量均大于对照组(P<0.05);母亲孕期负性生活事件刺激对子代先天性唇、腭裂及先天性心脏病和先天性巨结肠等的发生影响较大(P<0.05)。结论:大部分孕妇在孕期至少经历1件以上负性生活事件刺激,家庭方面是影响母亲孕期心理状况的主要负性生活事件来源,不良心理状况导致的母亲神经内分泌系统的变化对子代出生缺陷的发生具有潜在影响。

Effect of negative life events on birth defect during pregnancy

Objective:To investigate the negative life events during pregnancy which influence the psychologic status of mothers,explore the effect of negative life events on birth defect.Methods:By the design of frequency matching,a general questionnaire and a life event scale were applied to investigate 350 mothers whose children had birth defect and 350 mothers of unimpaired child,then the data were analysed.Results:The incidences of negative life events during pregnancy had no significant difference between two groups(P>0.05);the incentive scores of the whole pregnancy and the aspact of family of case group were more than those of control group(P<0.05);the stimulus of negative life events during pregnancy made more influence to congenital cleft lip,congenital cleft palate,congenital heart disease,congenital megacolon of the offspring(P<0.05).Conclusion:Most of the pregnant women at least experience one negtive life event;the negative life events of family are the main influence to the psychologic status of mothers during pregnancy;the bad psychologic status which alter the neuroendocrine system of mothers during pregnancy have potential influence on birth defect.