寒、热证豚鼠变应性鼻炎细胞功能及形态学观察

目的：研究寒证及热证豚鼠变应性鼻炎（AR）细胞功能和形态学特征。方法：以寒性、热性中药分别给予豚鼠造成寒证、热证模型，然后以甲苯二异氰酸酯和盐酸萘甲唑啉点鼻，分别造成AR和鼻炎模型，观察其细胞功能、数量及电镜下超微形态学特点。结果：AR模型豚鼠血嗜碱性粒细胞（BC）脱颗粒指数高于鼻炎模型豚鼠；其中寒证AR豚鼠又高于热证AR豚鼠（P＜0．05）。寒证AR豚鼠鼻粘膜肥大细胞（MC）及嗜酸性粒细胞（EC）数量多，浸润广泛，颗粒包膜不清，密度不均，颗粒内见空泡、融合及管道；而热证AR豚鼠及对照组豚鼠MC及EC数量少，无浸润，颗粒包膜清，密度均一，无颗粒空泡、融合及管道。结论：寒证AR豚鼠BC、MC、EC呈明显活化状态。

Functional and Morphological Observation on Cells in Allergic Rhinitis Guinea-Pigs with Cold or Heat Syndrome

Objective: To investigate the functional and morphological characteristics of cells in allergic rhinitis (AR) guinea pigs with Cold or Heat Syndrome. Methods: The Cold Syndrome or Heat Syndrome guinea pig model was made, and then reformed into AR model or rhinitis medicamentosa (RM) model by using nose drops of 10% toluene di isocyanate (TDI) or 0.1% naphazoline hydrochloride. The cell function, count and ultramicroscopic morphology characteristics in the model animals were observed. Results: The degranulation index (DI) of blood basophils and the count of mast cells (MC) in nasal mucosa were higher in AR guinea pigs with Cold Syndrome than that in Heat Syndrome guinea pigs, but the two parameters in AR with both Cold and Heat Syndrome were higher than those in the RM model. Mast cell and eosinophilic granulocyte in AR guinea pigs with Cold Syndrome were high in count, widely infiltrated, indiscernible cellular capsule, heterogeneous in density, and vacuoles, fusions and tubules in granules while in those with Heat Syndrome, mast cells and eosinophils were scarcely found, without infiltration, granules with discernible membrane and homogeneous in density, no vacuoles, fusions and tubules in granules. Conclusion: The basophilic cells, mast cells and eosinophilic granulocytes in AR guinea pigs with Cold Syndrome are in activated condition.