扩张型心肌病心衰动物模型的研究

目的　研制扩张型心肌病动物模型。方法　出生两周、母乳喂养的雌性SD大鼠喂饲呋喃唑酮 ,检测体重 ,心脏重量 ,体表心电图 ,心脏超声 ,血浆神经体液因子、心肌脂肪酸和病理。结果　呋喃唑酮组LVESD ,LVEDD/BW增大 ,LVEF降低。血浆AngⅡ、ET、ANP及T4增高 ;PGF1α和PGF1α/TXB2 降低。呋喃唑酮组心肌中亚油酸 ( 18:2n - 6 )含量明显减少 ,心肌光镜下表现为纤维组织增生 ,心肌排列紊乱 ,心肌坏死 ;电镜显示线粒体增生、肿胀 ,细胞核内染色质分布不均匀 ,细胞核形状不规则 ,粗面内质网脱颗粒现象。而喂饲葵花籽后亚油酸明显增加 ,LVESD缩小 ,LVEF增加。结论　呋喃唑酮诱导SD大鼠扩张型心肌病动物模型在心脏超声、病理表现、神经体液因子和脂肪酸特点方面均类似于人类扩张型心肌病的特点。喂饲富含亚油酸的葵花籽能使病变好转或延缓。

A Study of Animal Model of Dilated Cardiomyopathy with Heart Failure

Objective To establish and assess an animal model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).Methods Breast-feeding female SD rats aged two weeks were fed furazolidone(Fz)10 weeks to establish and evaluate an animal model of DCM.In order to evaluate the effect of sunflower seed on DCM,another experiment was carried out to compare the effects on DCM rats by feeding Fz alone or feeding Fz+sunflower seed(Fz+SS)4 weeks,Body weight(BW),heart weight,electrocardiogram(ECG),echocardiogram,neurohormonal,myocardial fatty acid and pathology were studied for all experiment rats.Results Compare with normal SD rats,the left ventricular and systolic diameter (LVESD)and LVEDD/BW significantly increased and LVEF significantly reduced in Fz group.The levels of serum angiotensin II(A II),serum endothelin(ET),serum thyroid hormone(TT 4)and serum atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)were higher in Fz group.In the meantime,the serum PGF 1a and PGF 1a /TXB 2 were markedly lower in Fz group.The linoleic acid (18∶2n-6) in myocardium of Fz group was significantly lower.Microscopic findings of heart muscles indicated disorganization of the muscle bundles,interstitial fibrosis and cell necrosis.The mitochondrion was swelled with chromatin distribution disorder.Conclusions Fz induced SD rat cardiomyopathy can be used as an experimental animal model,which showed the similar ECG,serum neurohormonal,pathology and fatty acid content as human DCM.Feeding SS can increase the linoleic acid level in myocardium and improve the heart function.