囊腔性肺癌诊疗研究进展

肺癌在我国发病率及死亡率居恶性肿瘤之首，囊腔性肺癌作为肺癌的一种少见类型，因对其认识不足临床上易漏诊、误诊，延误治疗而影响患者预后。本文从囊腔性肺癌的流行病学、形成机制及病理类型、影像学特点、囊腔病灶在随访过程中的演化、治疗及预后情况作以论述。囊腔性肺癌病理类型以腺癌多见，其中浸润性病变多于浸润前病变，患者预后相对较差，其中一个重要原因在于囊腔病灶形成早期不易识别，在影像学中较难与肺大疱等进行鉴别。囊壁不规则增厚、囊壁出现磨玻璃或实性成分或上述成分增多，应高度警惕恶性可能。目前密切随访并早期手术是治疗的主要方法。

Research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces

Lung cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among malignant tumors in China.As a rare type of lung cancer,lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces(LCCA) has been recognized as an uncommon radiological appearance on chest computed tomography(CT) scans,due to the insufficient understanding of it,it is easy to be missed or misdiagnosed,and the delayed treatment would also affect the prognosis of this part of patients.In this paper,we discuss the epidemiology,mechanism of formation and histopathological types of LCCA,and also the radiological features of LCCA,the evolution of cystic lesions during follow-up,the guidance for managing these lesions and the prognosis of it.The major histopathological type of LCCA is lung adenocarcinoma,of which the invasive lesion is the major part and the preinvasive lesion is the minor part,then the prognosis of patients is relatively poor,of which the cystic lesions are not easily to recognize at the early stage,and it is difficult to differentiate them from the bullae of lung in radiological images is an important reason.The presence of irregular thickening of the cystic wall,ground glass or solid components or the increasing of the above components in the cystic walls should be highly suspicious of lung cancers.Closing follow-up and early surgery are the main and effective means of current treatment.