鸭绿江江水中不同季节弧菌科细菌分布及耐药情况分析

目的了解鸭绿江江水中不同季节弧菌科细菌的分布及其对抗菌药物的敏感性。方法采用采水器采集鸭绿江五月初和九月初相同的10个水域30个点的水样,经增菌培养和细菌分离,采用全自动微生物分析仪进行细菌鉴定及抗生素敏感性试验。结果五月初30个点共分离出弧菌科细菌32株,其中气单胞菌属26株(81.25%),弧菌属细菌3株(9.38%),邻单胞菌3株(9.38%)。九月初同样采水点共分离出细菌72株,其中气单胞菌属65株(90.28%),弧菌属细菌4株(5.56%),邻单胞菌属3株(4.17%)。药敏结果显示,头孢吡肟、左氧氟沙星、奈替米星、亚胺培南、美罗培南敏感率均为100%,三代头孢菌素、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、阿米卡星、哌拉西林、氨曲南、美满霉素、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、氯霉素敏感率均为94.12%～99.01%,复方磺胺甲恶唑、多黏菌素敏感率为86.27%～87.25%,替卡西林/棒酸敏感率为64.70%。结论鸭绿江江水中弧菌种类繁多,以气单胞菌属为主,九月初检出率明显高于五月初。该江水被多种耐药菌污染。

Analysis on distribution and drug-resistance of vibrios in the Yalu River in different seasons

Objective To evaluate the distribution of the vibrios in the Yalu River in different seasons and their sensitivity to antimicrobial agents.Methods Water samples were collected at 30 locations in 10 water areas in the Yalu River in early May and early September.Through bacterial culture and isolated,the samples were used for bacterial identification by automatic microbial analyzer and antibiotic sensitivity tests.Results Thirty-two strains of vibrios were isolated from the early May samples.Aeromonas accounted for 26 strains(81.25%),vibrio bacteria accounted for 3 strains(9.38%),and plesiomonas accounted for 3 strains(9.38%).While,in the same water-gathering points in early September,a total number of 72 strains of bacteria were detected,among which were 65 strains of aeromonas(90.28%),4 strains of vibrio bacteria(5.56%),and 3 strains of the plesiomonas genus(4.17%).Susceptibility result showed that the sensitivity rate was all 100% to Cefepime,Levofloxacin,Netilmicin,Imipenem and Meropenem,94.12%-99.01% to the third generation Cephalosporins,Ciprofloxacin,Gentamicin,Aamikacin,Piperacillin,Aztreonam,Minocycline,Cefoperazone / Sulbactam,Piperacillin / Tazobactam and Chloramphenicol,86.27%-87.25% to otrimoxazole and polymyxin,and 64.70% to Ticarcillin / Clavulanic acid,respectively.Conclusion There is a wide variety of vibrios in the Yalu River,mainly consisting of aeromonas.The detection rate in early September is obviously higher than that in early May.The river was contaminated with a variety of drug-resistant bacteria.