过敏性肺炎爆发流行的调查

上海一所小学校,在1986年元旦前夕,10天内在教职工中突然发生肺炎20例,占职工总人数的42.6%(20/47)。学生137人与教师接触密切未发现病例。师生均以症状和胸片肺部异常为诊断标准。流行病学分析结果表明,爆发为一次暴露于共同致病因子所致。发病与接触病人无关,与集体分购甘蔗时,接触并吸入所附尘埃有关。痰液检验及粪便虫卵计数检验均未发现寄生虫感染的证据。血清中IgE含量测定,恢复期病人血清IgE增高显著。甘蔗表面霉菌的分离培养,以青霉菌、毛霉菌、红酵母及酵母样菌为优势菌株。吸入霉尘可能是此次肺炎爆发之因。

Investigation on an Outbreak of allergic Pulmonary alveolitis

20 allergic alveolitis cases occurred abruptly within 10 days among teachers at a primary school in Shanghai. The cases make up 42.6% (20/47) of total staffs of the school. No patient discovered in pupils (137) though they had enough chance to contact with their teachers suffering the disease. Roentgenography and clinical findings were criteria of diagnosis. The findings of epidemiologic survey showed that the outbreak was caused by a single exposure of same agent, probably associated with sugarcane. The result of examinations in laboratory shows: 1. The content of IgE increased significantly in serum of convalescence patients. 2. Penicillium and Mucor were found as prevailing fungus strains benign isolated from the surface of sugarcane. 3. Did not find ascarid larva in sputum nor eggs in feces. In this paper we inferred reasonably that breathing of dust with fungus may be the cause of the outbreak.