某院连续两年医院感染现患率及抗菌药物使用调查

目的比较某院2011年与2012年医院感染现患率及抗菌药物使用情况，为医院感染的预防控制及抗菌药物合理使用提供科学依据。方法对该院2011年6月20-23日、2012年5月21-23日的住院患者进行调查，对两年的医院感染现患率与抗菌药物临床应用情况进行分析。结果2011年与2012年共调查住院患者987例，实查率分别为99.60%(495/497)、100.00%(492/492)；医院感染现患率分别为2.42%、 2.64%，差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.05，P＞0.05）；日抗菌药物使用率分别为41.41%和25.61%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=27.65，P＜0.01）。2011年以治疗为目的的抗菌药物使用率为58.05%，2012年升至83.33%（χ2=29.108，P＜0.01）；病原学送检率明显增加，2011年为56.49%，2012年为76.77%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=45.45，P＜0.01）。结论医院感染现患率调查有助于了解医院感染的发生情况和控制效果；减少预防用药,规范合理使用抗菌药物，不会增加医院感染的发生。

Survey on prevalence rates of healthcare associated infection and antimicrobial use in a hospital in two consecutive years

ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence rates of healthcare associated infection （HAI） and antimicrobial use in a hospital in 2011 and 2012, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HAI as well as rational use of antimicrobial agents. MethodsSurveys were conducted on hospitalized patients from June 20, 2011 to June 23, 2011 and those from May 21, 2012 to May 23, 2012, HAI prevalence rates as well as antimicrobial use were analyzed.ResultsA total of 987 patients were investigated, the actual investigation rate was 99.60%（495/497） in 2011and 100.00%（492/492） in 2012 respectively; there was no significant difference in HAI prevalence rate between 2011 and 2012 （2.42% vs 2.64%, χ2=0.05,P〉0.05）. In 2011 and 2012, the daily usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 41.41% and 25.61% respectively （χ2=27.65,P〈0.01）, the usage rate of therapeutic antimicrobial agents was 58.05% and 83.33% respectively （χ2=29.108,P〈0.01）, pathogenic detection rate increased from 56.49% in 2011 to 76.77% in 2012（χ2=45.45,P〈0.01）. ConclusionSurvey on HAI prevalence rate is helpful for realizing the occurrence and control efficacy of HAI; the reducing of prophylactic antimicrobial application and rational use of antimicrobial agents will not lead to the increase of HAI rate.