Affiliation: | a The Heart, Lung and Esophageal Surgery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA b Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA c Center for Biological Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA d Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea e Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei-Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan |