缺血预处理在移植肾缺血-再灌注损伤中的应用进展

肾移植相对于其他器官移植术后疗效更为显著，但肾缺血-再灌注损伤（IRI）等术后并发症严重影响受者生存率和生存质量，如何减轻移植肾IRI成为了肾移植领域当前的研究重点。目前认为缺血预处理使移植肾适应缺血是预防IRI发展的有效方法之一，但具体机制尚未完全清楚。
本文就缺血预处理在IRI中的应用，缺血预处理对移植肾IRI的调控机制，包括细胞水平的调控和细胞内信号通路的调控，以及缺血预处理的临床应用价值和前景进行综述，以期为改善移植肾IRI，提升肾移植受者和移植肾存活率，改善受者生存质量提供参考。

Application progress of ischemic preconditioning in ischemia-reperfusion injury of renal allografts

Kidney transplantation is more efficacious compared with other organ transplantations. Nevertheless, postoperative complications, such as renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), severely affect the survival rate and quality of life of recipients. How to mitigate the IRI of renal allografts has become one of the key topics in the field of kidney transplantation.
At present, ischemic preconditioning enables renal allografts to adapt to ischemia, which is one of the effective methods to prevent the progression of IRI. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this article, the application of ischemic preconditioning in IRI, the regulation mechanism of ischemic preconditioning on the IRI of renal allografts at the cellular level and intracellular signaling pathway, and clinical application value and prospect of ischemic preconditioning were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for alleviating the IRI of renal allografts, enhancing the survival rate of the recipients and renal allografts and improving the quality of life of recipients.