多学科融合促进器官捐献学科体系建设及专业化发展

学科交叉融合成为当前科学技术发展的重大特征，跨界融合将逐步成为常态。专业和技术的多学科融合具有不可预计的潜力，催生新学科前沿、新科技领域及新创新形态。器官捐献是我国新时代的新生学科，构建和推动以保障捐献者及家属的合法合理权益及移植受者健康权益为总体目标的器官捐献学科体系，符合推动我国器官捐献和移植事业高质量发展的根本要求。同时，器官捐献工作是一项复杂的医疗和社会行为，公民捐献的器官属于国家资源，这也赋予了器官捐献事业一种社会公益属性和与社会各方的关联性。本文通过分析我国器官捐献工作当前面临问题的本质，以及分析器官捐献的全流程及供者的不同临床阶段其所需理论知识、专业技能和人员支撑，说明建立以多学科融合为基础的器官捐献学科体系的必要性和可行性。同时研究如何将器官捐献学科建设融入国家政策，以维护捐献、家属和移植受者权益为中心，以器官捐献和移植工作为主线，遵从多方共创、共建、共促、共享、共赢的合作原则，推动器官捐献的多学科融合发展和综合人才培养，共同提高器官捐献认知率及捐献率，使器官捐献工作获得社会各界人的广泛认同。

ulti-disciplinary integration promotes the disciplinary system construction and professional development of organ donation

At present, interdisciplinary integration has become a major feature of the development of science and technology, and multi-disciplinary integration will gradually become the norm. Professional and technological multi-disciplinary integration has unpredictable potential, which will produce new disciplinary frontiers, new fields of science and technology and new patterns of innovation. Organ donation is a new discipline in China's new era. Constructing and promoting an organ donation disciplinary system with the overall goal of safeguarding legal and reasonable rights and interests of donors and their families and the health rights and interests of the recipients are in line with the fundamental requirements of maintaining high-quality development of organ donation and transplantation in China. Meantime, organ donation is a complex medical and social behavior, and organs donated by citizens belong to national resources, which also endows organ donation with a social welfare attribute and relevance with all parties in society. In this article, the essence of current problems encountered during organ donation in China, the whole process of organ donation and theoretical knowledge, professional skills and personnel support required by donors in different clinical stages were analyzed to illustrate the necessity and feasibility of establishing an organ donation disciplinary system based on multi-disciplinary integration. Besides, how to integrate organ donation disciplinary construction into the national policy was also investigated. Taking safeguarding the rights and interests of donors, family members and recipients as the core and taking organ donation and transplantation as the main line, cooperative principles of co-creation, co-construction, mutual promotion, sharing and win-win should be upheld, aiming to promote multi-disciplinary integration and comprehensive talent cultivation of organ donation, jointly enhance the recognition rate and donation rate of organ donation, and make organ donation widely recognized by citizens from all walks of life.