前牙种植基台的临床决策——Lights决策树

基台在种植修复系统中连接根方种植体与冠方上部修复体,是承上启下的重要部件。在符合机械及生物学等常规规范下,基台的合理设计选择可一定程度上弥补目标修复体空间（TRS）与种植体空间位置上的偏差,对维系种植体周组织的健康及修复体长期、稳定、有效的预后发挥重要的作用。与后牙基台相比,日常使用的前牙基台种类更加繁杂,如何能够便捷正确选择前牙基台极具挑战性。本决策方案通过虚拟种植设计进行正确种植位点比选,并与上部目标修复体进行术前统筹后,实测选定位点上种植体平面目标修复空间高度（I）,预判能否进行种植修复及可选的种植修复体固位方式。术后再根据种植系统（S）、螺钉孔穿出位置和修复体固位方式等初选基台类型;进入术后二期修复时,再结合种植体周水平软组织厚度（T）、穿龈深度（GH）及长轴角度（L）等的实测核查值,完成永久基台的最终选择。同时具体讨论了个性化基台的概念和分类应用。该方案的主控变量L、I、GH、T、S组合成了Lights字样,因此简称为前牙基台Lights决策树。该决策树的决策效能良好,临床可及性高。

Clinical decision-making of anterior implant abutment

Abutment is an important component serving as a connecting link between the implant and the implant-supported prosthesis. In accordance with mechanical, biological, and other conventional norms, it can compensate the deviation between the implant and the prosthesis, which plays a significant role in maintaining the health of peri-implant tissue and the longevity, stability, and effectivity of prosthesis. However, choosing an anterior implant abutment correctly and conveniently is challenging, given the great variety of anterior abutment in clinical practice. Through virtual implant design, the correct implant site was compared and selected, and the supra-target prosthesis was coordinated before and after the operation. The implant level vertical of height of target restoration space (I) was measured to predict the availability and the retentive method of the implant restoration. After implantation, the primary selection of abutment type was selected according to the implant system (S), screw access position, and retentive method of the prosthesis. The final selection of abutment is accomplished by combining the measured values of peri-implant soft tissue thickness (T), gingival height (GH), and long axis of implant (L). Furthermore, the concepts and the classified applications of custom abutment were discussed in detail in this paper. The plan's main control variables L, I, GH, T, and S compose the words Lights, so this plan can be abbreviated as the anterior abutment decision tree. The decision tree has good decision-making efficiency and high clinical accessibility.