高黏度骨水泥治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者早期下床活动的效果观察

目的 探讨高黏度骨水泥治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者早期下床活动的效果.方法 将42例分别采用高黏度和低黏度骨水泥椎体成形术(PVP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的患者分为研究组和对照组各21例,研究组患者术后4h下床活动,8h离床活动,对照组患者术后12h下床活动,24 h离床活动,术后3d内CT复查观察椎旁渗漏和椎体内骨水泥分布情况.用视觉疼痛模拟评分(VAS)、日常生活活动能力评分(Barthel)、压疮风险评分(Braden)和深静脉血栓形成风险评分评价两组效果.结果 两组患者均顺利手术,术后24 h、第7天VAS、Barthel评分比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),术后8 h Barthel、Braden评分和深静脉血栓形成风险评分比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),VAS差异无统计学意义.结论 高黏度骨水泥治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者PVP术后早期下床活动能有效提高患者的日常生活活动能力,减少压疮和深静脉血栓形成的风险,减轻护士和家属的负担.

The advantages of postoperative early ambulation for patients after high-viscosity bone cement injection treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture

Objective To discuss the advantages of postoperative early ambulation for patients after high-viscosity bone cement injection treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.Methods A total of 42 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture were divided into the study group (n=21)and the control group (n=21).High-viscosity bone cement injection was used to perform percutaneous vertebroplasty for the patients in the study group,while low-viscosity bone cement injection was adopted to complete percutaneous vertebroplasty for the patients in the control group.The patients of the study group were asked to get out of bed in 4 hours after vertebroplasty and to do off-bed activity in 8 hours after vertebroplasty,while the patients of the control group were asked to get out of bed in 12 hours after vertebroplasty and to do off-bed activity in 24 hours after vertebroplasty.CT reexamination was performed within 3 days after vertebroplasty to observe the paravertebral leakage and the cement distribution in vertebrae.The visual analogue scale (VAS),the ability score of daily life activy (Barthel),the risk score of pressure skin ulcer (Braden) and the risk rating of deep venous thrombosis were used to evaluate the clinical effectiveness for both groups.Results The procedure of vertebroplasty was successfully accomplished in all patients of both groups.No statistically significant differences in VAS score and in Barthel score at 24 hours and 7 days after vertebroplasty existed between the two groups (P＞0.05).Eight days after vertebroplasty,the differences in Barthel score,Braden score and the risk rating of deep venous thrombosis between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05),although the difference in VAS score between the two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusion In treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture by using high-viscosity bone cement injection,postoperative early ambulation can effectively improve the patient's daily activities,reduce the risk of the formation of pressure skin ulcer and deep vein thrombosis,thus,reduce the nursing workload for both nurses and patient's family members.(J Intervent Radiol,2017,26:749-752).