球囊封堵术在产科大出血的临床应用

目的 探讨球囊封堵术治疗凶险性前置胎盘的临床疗效.方法 2015年1月至2016年3月采用球囊封堵术协助产科处理凶险性前置胎盘产妇16例.15例经彩色超声或MRI诊断为中央型前置胎盘并高度怀疑胎盘植入,择期于剖宫产前双侧髂内动脉预置球囊,胎儿取出同时立即充盈双侧球囊对目标血管作临时封堵,根据产科医师止血状况适时撤出球囊;1例行急症腹主动脉临时球囊封堵术,开腹发现胎盘穿透至前壁浆膜下,予子宫切除术.结果 16例球囊封堵术均获成功,平均阻断时间15 min,出血量300～1200 ml.结论 剖宫产手术前球囊封堵术治疗凶险性前置胎盘安全可靠,可显著减少术中出血、迅速有效止血、为剖宫产提供清晰术野及挽救产妇生命,充分体现产科、介入科等多学科协作的必要性.

The clinical application of balloon occlusion technique in treating obstetric hemorrhage

Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of balloon occlusion technique in treating pernicious placenta previa.Methods Between January 2015 and March 2016,a total of 16 matcrnal patients with pernicious placenta previa,who were admitted to the Interventional Department of Qujing Municipal First People's Hospital,received balloon occlusion management to assist obstetrician in dealing with placenta previa.Central type of placenta previa with highly suspected placenta implantation were diagnosed in 15 patients by color ultrasound or MRI.Balloon catheters were placed in bilateral internal iliac arteries before cesarean section was carried out,and immediately after the fetus was taken out the balloons were inflated to temporary occlude the targeted arteries.Based on the hemostatic status the balloon catheters were timely retrieved.One patient received emergency temporary balloon occlusion of abdominal aorta,and laparotomy revealed that the placenta had penetrated to the subserosa of uterine anterior wall,and total hysterectomy had to be carried out.Results Successful balloon occlusion was achieved in all 16 patients.The mean blocking time of the artery was 15 minutes and the amount of blood loss was 300-1200 ml.Conclusion In treating pernicious placenta previa,balloon occlusion treatment before cesarean section is safe and reliable,it can significantly reduce the amount of blood loss during surgery,make quick and effective hemostasis,provide a clear surgical field for the performance of cesarean section,and,more important,save the maternal life.This effective technique has fully showed the necessity of multidisciplinary collaboration,including obstetrics,interventional radiology,etc.