免疫性不孕不育的研究进展

在我国已婚夫妇中约有10%～15%的人因各种原因导致不孕不育,其中30%～40%与免疫性抗体有关。本文拟就在：1.抗精子抗体（AsAb）,男女体内都可能存在抗精子抗体;2.抗子宫内膜抗体（EMAb）,抗子宫内膜抗体是子宫内膜异位症的标志抗体;3.抗卵巢抗体（AOAb）,在六、七十年代已发现卵巢存在特殊抗原,近年来报道抗卵巢自身免疫可影响卵巢的正常发育和功能;4.抗透明带抗体：透明带（ZP）,是被覆在卵细胞周围的一层嗜酸性的明胶样基质,由卵细胞及其外围的卵泡细胞卵子的生长发育过程中共同分泌而成;5.抗心磷脂抗体（ACA）,被认为是预测高危妇女是否流产的较为敏感的指标;6.抗丈夫淋巴细胞抗体（APLA）APLA的产生不足,使得免疫系统容易对胚胎产生免疫攻击,母体对胎儿产生强烈的排斥现象,怀孕早期可出现RSA,怀孕晚期则可出现妊娠高血压疾病,胎儿宫内生长受限,甚至出现胎死宫内,最终导致流产。现对这些自身免疫抗体的近期研究做一综述。

Advancement in research of immune infertility

In China there are about 10%to 15%of married couples with all causes of infertility,of which 30%to 40% were associated with autoimmune antibodies.1）There men and women are likelyhave anti-sperm antibody（AsAb）;2） Endometrium Antibody,（EMAb）is a sign of endometriosis antibody;3）Anti-ovary antibody（A0Ab）,in the sixties and the seventies last century ovarian specific antigen was identified and it was reported in recent years that anti-ovarian autoimmunity may affect the normal development and function of ovarian;4）Zona pellucid（ZP）is covered in a layer around the egg eosinophilic gelatin-like matrix,the egg and egg outside the follicle cells during growth and development of a common secretion becomes;5）Anti-cardiolipin antibody（ACA）is considered to sensitive indicator for predicting abortions in high risk women;6）Inadequate production of antipatemal lymphocyte antibody（APLA）makes the immune system vulnerable immune attack on the embryo,the mother produces a strong rejection of the fetus leading to RSA at early stages of pregnancy and gestational hypertension at late pregnancy or intrauterine growth restriction,fetal death as well as abortion.