孕妇用药现状、需求及药学服务效果分析

目的:分析孕妇用药现状和需求,评估药学服务干预的效果,为探索妊娠安全用药服务模式提供依据。方法:采用孕妇用药情况调查表,对在本院产科就诊、孕妇体检和孕妇学校学习的562例孕妇进行问卷调查。通过发放宣传资料、专题讲座、接受咨询和播放视频等进行综合药学服务干预,观察期为3个月,比较干预前、后其安全用药知识、态度和行为情况的变化。结果:孕妇用药比例为48.58%,大专及以上学历、公务员、公费医疗和家庭收入较佳者用药比例显著高,中药及中成药应用比例最高(52.38%),在孕早期用药占50.92%,用药品种2种以上占79.49%;最需用药咨询内容依次为不良反应、禁忌及注意事项、适应证和药物相互作用;用药知识来源主要是医师、药师、网络。干预后安全用药知晓率、态度和行为正确率均有显著性改善(P<0.01)。结论:综合性药学服务是确保孕期安全用药的可行和有效方法,值得完善和推广。

Analysis on the Status Quo and Requirement of Medication in Gestational Women and Effect of Pharmaceutical Care

OBJECTIVE：To analyze the status quo and requirement of medication in gestational women and effect of pharmaceutical care in order to provide reference for safe medication service model during the gestational period. METHODS：Questionnaire for the medication of gestational women was adopted to investigate 562 gestational women who received diagnosis,physical examination and maternal health education. Comprehensive pharmaceutical care was performed in following manners for three months,such as promotional materials,special lecture,consultation and education video. The changes in the knowledge,attitude and behavior of safe medication were observed and compared before and after intervention. RESULTS：48.58% of the patients received drugs during gestation. Patients who were officials or who got college degree or above,good family income and free medi- cal care took up a big proportion. 52.38% of drugs were traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese patent medicine. Medication during first 3 gestational months accounted for 50.92% and drug combination 79.49%. Medication consultation contained adverse drug reaction,caution and attention,indication and drug interaction. Medication knowledge was mainly provided by physicians,pharmacist and internet. After intervention the knowledge,attitude and behavior of medication of patients were improved significantly（P 0.01）. CONCLUSION：Comprehensive pharmaceutical care is a feasible and effective method to guarantee safe medication during the gestational period. It is worthy of improving and spreading.