鲍曼不动杆菌感染的流行病学特征及耐药性分析

目的监测与分析医院近年鲍曼不动杆菌的流行情况和耐药性变化趋势,为合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法采用回顾性方法调查和统计分析某三级甲等医院2007～2010年检出的标本来源,感染科室分布及耐药情况。结果鲍曼不动杆菌检出率逐年增加,最常出现在痰标本中,占71.29%;主要分布在ICU(33.33%)、神经外科(19.02%)、呼吸内科(10.84%)、骨科(9.00%)等;鲍曼不动杆菌主要表现为高度耐药和多重耐药,对亚胺培南耐药的主要分布在ICU,占43.82%,其次,是神经外科占19.48%;对鲍曼不动杆菌耐药率最低的是多粘菌素(16.67%);其他依次是头孢哌酮-舒巴坦(43.10%);米诺环素(44.44%)。结论鲍曼不动杆菌引起的耐药现象严重,临床应根据药敏结果和流行病学特征合理用药,注意消毒隔离,控制耐药菌株流行。

Analysis of the Epidemiology and antibiotics resistance of acinetobacter baumannii

OBJECTIVE To monitor and explore the epidemic situation in our hospital,so as to provide antibiotics resistance of the clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii(ABA),and to guide the rational application of antibiotics in clinic.METHODS ABA isolated from clinic from 2007-2010 were retrospectively analyzed.The specimen source and infection in different departments and drug resistance were also analyzed.RESULTS The detection rate of ABA was increasing quickly.Most of them were isolated from sputum samples(71.29%).ABA were obtained mainly form ICU word(33.33%),neurosurgery ward(19.02%)and respiratory ward(10.84%).ABA showed high drug resistance and multi-drug resistance.IR-AB(imipenem-resistant ABA)infection was found mostly in ICU,accounted for 43.82%,and followed by the neurosurgery word 19.48%.Polymyxin showed the lowest drug resistant rate to Acinetobacter baumannii was 16.67%,followed by tocefoperazonesullbactam(43.10%),minocycline with 44.44%.CONCLUSION The drug resistance to ABA is very serious.It is important to select proper antibiotics according to the results of antibiotics susceptibility tests and epidemic characteristics,and sterilization and isolation should be paid attention to and prevalence of most-drug resisant isolates should be controlled.