膳食营养知识干预对家庭主妇知信行(K-A-P)的影响

目的 提高城市家庭主妇膳食营养知信行水平,探索其营养干预措施.方法 ①根据居民小区的地理分布,采用整群随即抽样的方法,对520名固原市原州区城市家庭主妇进行入户访谈式问卷调查.②对调查对象采取综合营养干预措施1个月后,重复进行营养知-信-行问卷调查.结果 ①干预后营养与食品卫生知识总知晓率提高了13.0％;提高最多的为对中国居民膳食指南和膳食宝塔的内容知晓率,对食物营养价值和营养素相关知识及疾病与膳食的关系的知晓率上升10％左右.②干预后调查对象在主动获取有关食物的营养和卫生安全方面知识的态度有了较大提高,对食物安全方面的要求较对食物的营养态度方面改变更大.③烹调习惯和饮食行为也有不同程度的改变.结论 本次对城市家庭主妇营养干预在知识和态度方面效果较显著,在行为改变方面不明显,在借鉴此方法进行营养知识健康教育的同时,尚需加强行为干预.

Influence of nutritional intervention in the KAP of housewives

OBJECTIVE To improve the nutrition KAP of housewives,and explore the nutritional intervention measures for them.METHODS ① 520 city housewives in total according to the geographic distribution of residences,were sampled through cluster random sampling from Yuanzhou district,Guyuan,accepted the indoor interviewing questionnaire.② The respondents adopted comprehensive nutritional intervention measures in one month,repeated completing nutrition KAP questionnaire.RESULTS ① The total awareness rate on nutrition and food hygiene increased 13%.The diet guiding and diet structure of Chinese residents had the most increase.The awareness rate on food nutritive value and nutrients knowledge and the relation of disease and diet increased about 10%.② The attitude of respondents in actively getting knowledge of nutrition and food hygiene increased after intervention.They paid more attentions to food safety than former one.③ The cooking and eating acts also had different degrees of changes.CONCLUSION The nutritional intervention of housewives has better efficacy on knowledge and attitude than on behavior changing way.When using this method to nutrition,health knowledge education,we should also strengthen the behavior intervention.