硝硫氰胺抗日本血吸虫病的研究

硝硫氰胺是抗血吸虫病的一种新药物。本文进一步研究该药物对实验性日本血吸虫病的预防和治疗的作用。实验动物在感染血吸虫尾蚴前后,即使口服500mg/kg/天×2或4天的硝硫氰胺,血吸虫组比对照组仅减少32.3～59%。药物对童虫几乎无作用,而对成虫则有明显的疗效。病鼠一次口服硝硫氰胺40mg/kg,停药后1～8天的肝移率达93.6～100%。各实验治疗组的减虫率为74～100%,但此疗效的高低与剂量和疗程有关。

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF NITHIOCYAMINE AGAINST SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM

In order to observe preventive and therapeutie activity of nithiocyamine on schistosomiasis japonicum, we have performed some experiments. Nithiocyamine was used both in gross crystalline powder and in fine crystalline powder. The drug was made into an aqueous suspension. Both mice and rabbits were used in these experiments. They were inoculated with cercariae of schistosome japonicum liberated from infected oncomelania hupensis through the shaved abdominal wall. The experiment on prevention showed that the action of nithiocyamine against various stage of development of the worm was very different. It is less effective against the worm of the age of 14 days or less (juvenile worm),When the worms developed up to the age of 21 days, Therapeutic effects increased as the worm reduction rate rised to 91.5% and about half of the infected mice were cured. When the worms developed to 28 days or more (adult worm), the worm reduction rate was up to 95.3～99.8%, and the cure rate up to 93.3～100%. The results showed that the activity of nithiocyamine was related to the age of the worms and its primary action was directed to adult worm. Nithiocyamine could cause a pronounced hepatic shift of the worms after the mice given a single dose of fine crystalline powder of the drug at the dosage of 40 mg/kg. When the infected animals were treated with oral drug at about the same dosage calculated by the area of body surface for 3 days, the worm reduction rate in the mice was 84.4%, and in rabbits it increased to 100%. Our experiments confirmed that nithiocyamine was more effective against adult schistosoma japonicum.