人造血管移植修复四肢血管损伤的保肢功效

背景:四肢血管损伤常伴血管缺损,常用自体血管移植修复,但存在来源有限和创伤等缺点。目的:回顾性分析29例人造血管移植修复四肢大血管损伤的保肢功效。设计:回顾性分析。单位:解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所全军战创伤中心骨创伤科。对象:选择解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所全军战创伤中心骨创伤科1989-01/2000-12采用人造血管移植修复四肢主要血管损伤患者29例。男23例,女6例。损伤部位:锁骨下动脉9例,腋动脉6例,肱动脉2例,股动脉10例,股静脉1例,动脉1例。合并休克11例,占37.9%。合并骨折、脱位8例,周围神经损伤5例,感染3例。方法:采用人造血管与修整后的血管行端端间断吻合。感染性动脉损伤3例在手术中采用旁路迂回感染区,人造血管经过非炎性区再桥接,肌瓣和肌皮瓣覆盖感染区的方法。术后2周及1年随访时采用肢体运动功能评定标准(MAS)评分方法评价肢体功能。主要观察指标:移植血管通畅率和保肢情况。结果:29例均进入结果分析。保肢功效:肢体全部保存住,其中1例由于肢体缺血时间长达12h已出现神经损害,后期出现足底溃疡。术后2周Doppler血流探测移植血管通畅率100%,1年复查时通畅率96.5%,肢体功能评定优良率为89%。结论:采用人造血管移植修复四肢主要血管损伤是保住肢体及其功能的方法之一,其优势为术后短期评估血管通畅率及肢体功能优良率均较好。

Extremity-preserving efficacy of vascular prosthesis grafting in repairing arterial injuries of extremities

BACKGROUND: Vascular injuries of the extremitiesy are frequently concomitant with vascular defects and are usually repaired by autologous vessel grafting. However, the source of autologous vessels is limited and the preparation of them is traumatic.OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively evaluate the extremity-preserving efficacy of vascular prosthesis grafting in repairing major vascular injuries of the extremities in 29 cases.DESIGN: A retrospective study.SETTING: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatic Surgery, Center for Battle Wound and Trauma of Chinese PLA, Research Institute of Surgery,Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: We selected 29 patients with major vascular injuries of the extremities repaired by vascular prosthesis grafting who received the treatment at the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatic Surgery of the Center for Battle Wound and Trauma of the Chinese PLA of the Research Institute of Surgery of, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA between January 1989 and December 2000. There were 23 males and 6 females. Injury sites: 9 cases were at subclavian artery, 6 at axillary artery, 2 at brachial artery, 10 at femoral artery, 1 at femoral vein and 1 at popliteal artery. 11 of these 29 cases (37.9%) were complicated with shock, 8 with fractures and dislocations, 5 with peripheral nerve injuries and 3 with infections.METHODS: The vascular prosthesis was anastomosed end to end with the trimmed culprit vessels. As for the 3 cases with infective arterial injuries,the vessels were placed away from the infected region and were bridged together in a non-inf1ammatory region and then muscles or musculo-cutaneous flaps were used to cover the infected regions.The functions of the extremities of the patients were evaluated according to MAS at week 2 and 1 year after the operation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The vascular patency rate and the extremity-preserving outcomes..RESULTS: All 29 patients entered the stage of result analysis. Extremitypreserving efficacy: All the patients who underwent vascular prosthesis grafting had their extremities preserved. Only 1 patient had the late sequelae of ulcers in the foot sole due to extended extremity ischemia and nerve damage. The rate of 2-week patency rate of the grafted vessels was 100% and the 1-year rate of patency was 96.5%, as revealed by Doppler blood stream scanning. The excellent and good rate of the function of extremity was 89%.CONCLUSION: Vascular prosthesis grafting is the one of the methods for repairing the major vascular injuries so as to preserve the extremities and their functions.