Metal ion-assisted drug-loading model for novel delivery system of cisplatin solid lipid nanoparticles with improving loading efficiency and sustained release

Metal ion-assisted drug loading model, in which metal ion was used to modify the microstructure of lipid layer, has been developed to improve drug loading efficiency of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). The microstructure and properties of metal ion-assisted cisplatin-loading SLNs were investigated by infra-red spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and zetasizer. The reactions of hydrogenated soybean lecithin with Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺, Mn^2+?and Mg^2+?have been detected; the mechanism for higher drug encapsulation efficiency (EE) has been investigated. In metal ion introduction SLNs, the compact degree of the lipid molecules was increased due to the electrostatic interaction between metal ions and phospholipid acyl and choline polarity groups, which result in increasing of drug EE. Meanwhile, these electrostatic interactions slowed the releasing rate of encapsulated drug. The study of cytotoxic activity in vitro indicated that the cell cytotoxicity of metal ions introduction SLNs depended on both cell uptake of SLNs and drug releasing from SLNs.