育龄妇女麻疹抗体水平及免疫效果分析

目的:了解南昌市育龄妇女麻疹抗体水平,探讨育龄妇女接种麻疹疫苗的可行性,为完善麻疹免疫策略及控制麻疹疫情提供依据。方法:在南昌市的12个县(区)随机抽取健康育龄妇女,观察育龄妇女强化接种麻疹疫苗(MV)前后的麻疹IgG抗体,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测麻疹IgG抗体。结果:南昌市育龄期妇女麻疹抗体血清几何平均滴度(GMT)为1∶482.64,抗体阳性率为80.79%,有随年龄增长呈下降的趋势;流动育龄期妇女麻疹抗体GMT和抗体阳性率均高于常住育龄期妇女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);有免疫史与无免疫史两组麻疹抗体GMT和抗体阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000),有免疫史者高于无免疫史者;育龄期妇女强化接种MV后麻疹抗体GMT为1∶1 616.47,抗体阳性率为98.52%,均显著高于接种前,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论:建议对育龄妇女婚前接种含麻疹成分的疫苗,提高育龄期妇女麻疹抗体水平,降低育龄妇女和MV初始免疫月龄前婴儿麻疹发病率。

Analysis on measles antibody levels and immune effect of reproductive women

Objective:To know the measles antibody levels of reproductive women in Nanchang,to study the feasibility of vaccinating measles vaccination(MV),in order to provide the basis for control of measles outbreaks.Methods:The healthy reproductive women in 12 counties(districts) of Nanchang were randomly selected,and the measles IgG antibody were observed before and after vaccinating MV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results:The geometric mean titer(GMT) of measles antibody serum of the reproductive women in Nanchang was 1∶482.64,the positive rate of measles antibody was 80.79%,and had a trend of drop along with the age;GMT and the positive rate of measles antibody of the floating reproductive women were higher than the permanent reproductive women,the differences were statically significant(P<0.05);GMT and the positive rate of measles antibody in having immunity history group were higher than in having no immunity history group,the differences were statically significant(P=0.000);GMT of reproductive women was 1∶ 1 616.47 after strengthening vaccinating MV,the positive rate of measles antibody was 98.52% and obviously higher than before strengthening vaccination(P=0.000).Conclusion:The reproductive women should vaccinate MV before marriage,in order to improve the levels of measles antibody and decrease the incidence of measles for reproductive women and infants.