白族、汉族OSAHS患者不同病情程度相关因素比较研究

目的 比较大理地区白族、汉族阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者临床特点差异，为大理地区OSAHS的防治提供理论支持。方法 大理地区白族OSAHS患者109例，选择同期本院汉族OSAHS患者115例。根据2015年颁布的OSAHS诊治指南分度标准，将两族患者分为轻、中、重度3 组，收集各组临床资料进行比较分析。结果 ①无论是白族还是汉族，重度OSAHS患者较轻中度多(P＜0.05)。②汉族OSAHS患者病情随着吸烟率的增高而加重；重度患者男性比例、体重指数较轻、中度高，最低氧饱和度较中度、轻度患者低，颈围较轻度患者明显增宽(P＜0.05)。白族OSAHS患者最低氧饱和度随着病情的加重而降低；重度OSAHS患者男性比例、饮酒率、体重指数、腹围较轻度患者高，平均年龄较中度患者大(P＜0.05)。③不同民族比较，轻度OSAHS患者汉族最低氧饱和度较白族低，中度OSAHS患者白族平均年龄较汉族小，重度OSAHS患者汉族吸烟率较白族明显升高 (P＜0.05)。结论 大理地区OSAHS患者以重度居多，汉族缺氧更重，中度OSAHS患者白族发病年龄提前，汉族重度患者吸烟率更高。

Comparative study on the risk factors of OSAHS patients with different severity betweent Bai and Han ethnic groups

Objective To build the theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by comparing difference in clinical features of OSAHS patients between Bai and Han ethnic groups. Methods A total of 224 patients with OSAHS from Dali area were enrolled, among which 115 were from Han ethnic group and 109 were from Bai ethnic group. The patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe groups according to 2015 Diagnostic and Classification Criteria of OSAHS, and the clinical data of the patients were collected and analyzed. Results ①The number of patients with severe OSAHS was significantly greater than that of the mild and moderate OSAHS in both Han and　Bai ethnic groups (P<0.05). ②The severity of OSAHS in Han group was aggravated with the increase of smoking rate. The proportion, drinking rate, BMI and circumference of abdomen of male patients in the severe group were significantly higher than those of mild of OSAHS; The average age of severity of OSAHS was significantly elder than that of moderate of OSAHS (P<0.05). ③The lowest oxygen saturation of Han group in mild OSAHS patients was significantly lower than that in Bai group, the average age of Bai group in moderate OSAHS patients was significantly lower than that in Han group, and the smoking rate of Han group in severe OSAHS patients was significantly higher than that in Bai group (P<0.05).Conclusion The majority of OSAHS patients in Dali are more severe, while Han people suffer from more severe hypoxia, Bai group had earlier onset age of moderate OSAHS, and the smoking rate in severe Han OSAHS patients was higher.