Genetic characterization of H5N1 influenza viruses isolated from chickens in Indonesia in 2010 |
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Authors: | Nidom Chairul A Yamada Shinya Nidom Reviany V Rahmawati Kadek Alamudi Muhamad Y Kholik Indrasari Setyarina Hayati Ratnani S Iwatsuki Horimoto Kiyoko Kawaoka Yoshihiro |
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Affiliation: | (1) Avian Influenza-zoonosis Research Center, Airlangga University, East Java, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia;(2) Influenza Laboratory-Institute Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, East Java, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia;(3) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, East Java, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia;(4) Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;(5) International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;(6) Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan;(7) Department of Pathological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA |
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Abstract: | Since 2003, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have caused outbreaks among poultry in Indonesia every year, producing the highest number of human victims worldwide. However, little is known about the H5N1 influenza viruses that have been circulating there in recent years. We therefore conducted surveillance studies and isolated eight H5N1 viruses from chickens. Phylogenic analysis of their hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes revealed that all eight viruses belonged to clade 2.1.3. However, on the basis of nucleotide differences, these viruses could be divided into two groups. Other viruses genetically closely related to these two groups of viruses were all Indonesian isolates, suggesting that these new isolates have been evolving within Indonesia. Among these viruses, two distinct viruses circulated in the Kalimantan islands during the same season in 2010. Our data reveal the continued evolution of H5N1 viruses in Indonesia. |
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