广州市天河区流动人口生殖健康现状调查

目的了解广州市天河区流动人口的生殖健康现状。方法采用匿名问卷的形式对广州市天河区1244例15～45岁流动人口的生殖健康知识、态度、行为以及主要生殖健康问题进行横断面调查。结果获取有效问卷1206份。受调查的流动人口平均年龄为29.82岁;文化程度主要是初中及以下(58.1%);职业以工人、商贸餐饮业和社会服务业为主(80.6%);流动人口对受孕知识知晓率不高,正确率仅占44.9%,已婚人群正确率远高于未婚人群(P<0.05);流动人口对艾滋病3种传播途径回答正确率为56.4%,非传播途径回答正确率为33.5%;已婚人群和未婚人群对计划生育服务政策知晓率分别为69.0%和42.6%(P<0.05);已婚人群进行生殖健康咨询的比例高于未婚人群(P<0.05);未婚女性和男性在避孕措施上主要选择使用避孕套(分别占75.2%和89.1%);绝大多数已婚女性(94.0%)和已婚男性(93.9%)采取的前三位避孕措施为宫内节育器、输卵管结扎、避孕套。结论流动妇女对生殖健康相关知识及政策了解不足,自我保健意识薄弱。积极采取有效措施提高流动已婚妇女的生殖健康认知水平是迫切需要解决的问题。

Reproductive health of floating population in Tianhe District of Guangdong City

Objective To investigate the reproductive health status of floating population in Tianhe District of Guangzhou City. Methods The data was from 1,244 floating population with the age of 15~45 years old about their knowledge, attitude, behaviors and other main questions related to reproductive health by anonymous questionnaire and investigated by cross-sectional study in Tianhe District of Guangzhou City. Results The investigative results with 1,206 valid questionnaires showed that average age of floating population was 29.82 years old, education level of most people was junior high school or below(58.1%), their professionals were mainly workers, trade and catering industry and social service(80.6%). The accuracy rate of fertilization knowledge which was 44.8% in married group was greatly higher than that in unmarried group(P<0.05). Accuracy rate about three transmission routes for acquired immunodeficiency disease(AIDs) of floating population was 56.4% and non-transmission routes was 33.5%. Knowledge of family planning service policy was 69.0% and 42.6% in married group and in unmarried group respectively that the difference was significant between two groups(P<0.05). The proportion of married group consulting about reproductive health was higher than that of unmarried group that the difference was significant between two groups (P<0.05). Contraception measure of unmarried women(75.2%) and unmarried men(89.1%) mainly used the condom while the first three contraception measures mostly by married women(94.0%) and men(93.9%) were intrauterine device inserted, ligation of oviduct and the condoms. Conclusion The floating women with weak self-health care consciousness have insufficient reproductive health knowledge and relative policy. The urgent problem is adopting effective measures actively in order to improve cognitive level of reproductive health in floating women.