鲍曼不动杆菌感染的临床特征及耐药性监测

目的：了解鲍曼不动杆菌的临床特征及其对常用抗生素的耐药状况，为临床使用抗生素治疗提供科学依据。方法用Vitek自动化细菌鉴定及药敏分析系统对菌落进行鉴定并做药敏试验，对检出的鲍曼不动杆菌的药敏结果进行统计分析。结果在检出鲍曼不动杆菌的217份标本中有痰液、血液、尿液、脑脊液、伤口分泌物等标本，其中主要为痰液，占所有标本的84.3%。在药敏结果中，鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南耐药率分别为14.3%、16.6%，对氨苄西林/舒巴坦、哌拉西林＋他唑巴坦、替卡西林/克拉维酸的耐药率分别为36.9%、34.6%、33.6%，对其余抗生素的耐药率均超过了50.0%，多重耐药性明显。结论鲍曼不动杆菌主要引起下呼吸道感染，其抗生素敏感谱窄，美罗培南、亚胺培南可作为治疗的首选药物，对常用抗生素的使用，临床医生应根据药敏试验结果针对性地合理用药，以便及时有效地控制感染并减少耐药菌株的产生。

Analysis on infection clinical distribution and drug resistance of Bauman Acinetobacter

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and the drug resistance of Bauman Acinetobacter in order to offer reference for the clinical therapeutics. Methods The strains of Bauman Acinetobacter were detected and their sensitivity to an-tibiotics were determined by Vitek automatic bacterium identifying and drug sensitivity analyzing systems ,and the result of sensi-tivity to antibiotics were analyzed. Results Among the 217 specimens,there were sputum,blood,urine,cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） and the wound secretion,and etc,The dominant specimen was the sputum （84.3%）.In the result of the sensitivity to antibiotics,the resistant rates to imipenem and meropenem were 14.3% and 16.6% respectively,the resistant rates to ampicillin/sulbacta, piperacillin/tazobactam,ticarcillin/clavulanic acid were 36.9%,34.6%,33.6%respectively,and the resistant rates to the other com-mon antimicrobial agents were more than 50.0%. The moreover strains show edmulti-drug resistance. Conclusion Bauman Acinetobacter mainly causes lower respiratory tract infection,the sensitivity drugs were few. imipenem and meropenem are the pri-mary drugs to treat the infections caused by Bauman Acinetobacter,it is very important to select rational d rugs correctly according to the results of antibiotics susceptibility tests for controlling the infection effectually and delaying the occurrence of bacteria resis-tance.