贵阳市星级宾馆蜚蠊侵害状况调查和防制研究

目的了解贵阳市星级宾馆蜚蠊侵害情况，为防治提供科学依据。方法选择5家星级宾馆，采用粘捕法进行蜚蠊密度和侵害率调查。结果共捕获蜚蠊3种，以德国小蠊为优势种，占97．77％，美洲大蠊占1．08％，黑胸大蠊占1．15％。蜚蠊密度在1．77～12．86只／（盒·夜）之间，平均为8．03只／（盒·夜）。侵害部位以中餐厅操作间、西餐厅操作间、西点间和冷荤间最为严重，蜚蠊密度分别为13．84、10．35、8．28和6．27只／（盒·夜），其侵害率在13．19％～100％之间，平均侵害率48．32％（6—8月德国小蠊雌虫平均带荚率为26．86％）。采用氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯滞留喷洒防制蜚蠊，经过一年的防制，5家宾馆蜚蠊密度平均下降了88．68％，平均侵害率下降了94．97％。结论贵阳市星级宾馆德国小蠊侵害严重，必须加强监测，早期采取有效的防制措施，控制其扩散和蔓延。

Investigation and control of Cockroaches in stars-hotels of Guiyang

Objective To learn about infestation condition of Cockroaches and provide scientific basis for the control in Guiyang. Methods Investigate cockroach density and infestation rate in 5-stars hotel of Guiyang collected randomly by adhesive paper. Results There were three varieties of cockroaches such as Blattella germanica, Periplaneta americana and Periplaneta fuliginasa. Of which, B. germanica was the dominant species which accounted for 97.77 %. And P. americana and P. fuliginasa accounted for 1.08 % and 1.15% respectively. The Cockroaches density （cockroach/paper/day） was 1.77- 12.86, the average was 8.03. The density of cockroach in Chinese meal cook room, Western-style cook room, Western-style pastry and cold meat cook room were 13.84, 10.35, 8.28 and 6.27 respectively. Their infestation rate ranged from 13.19 % to 100% and the infestation rate was 48.32 % in these investigated units. The cockroach density and average infestation rate dropped by 88.68 % and 94.97 % respectively after spraying insecticides for one year in five hotels. Conclusion The stars-hotels of Guiyang city were seriously disturbed by B. germanica. It was very important to strengthen surveillance and effective control.