Arsenic species excretion in a group of persons in northern Germany--contribution to the evaluation of reference values

Reference values for four arsenic species (inorganic As(III); inorganic As(V); dimethylarsinic acid DMA; monomethylarsonic acid MMA) in urine were evaluated for 101 male persons in northern Germany (46.9 ± 10.5 y) applying anion exchange chromatographic species separation with on-line hydride-technique atomic absorption spectrometry (between-days imprecision 6.8-10.1 %; 11.0-50.0 μg/l; n = 30; detection limits d. l. 1; 10; 2; 2 μg/l). DMA was found in 88.1 % of the persons (x ± s = 7.21 ± 9.64 μg/g creatinine; median 4.02 μg/g; 95 % < 22.5 μg/g) followed by As(III) (11.3 %; median < d. l.; 95 % < 0.54 μg/g) whereas no MMA and As(V) could be found. Seafood consumption within the last 2 days led to higher DMA levels compared to having seafood more than 6 days ago (n = 43 vs. n = 42; 10.04 ± 11.58 vs. 3.47 ± 3.55 μg/g; p < 0.01).