益阳市妇女围绝经期症状及其影响因素分析

目的 通过调查了解益阳市区围绝经期妇女绝经期状况及其影响因素,为开展围绝经期妇女的保健工作提供科学依据,帮助妇女平稳渡过围绝经期.方法 采取整群随机抽样的方法,选取益阳市5个社区40～60岁围绝经期妇女442名,通过问卷调查形式了解其绝经年龄、围绝经期症状及其相关因素.结果 该市区围绝经期妇女442例中有症状者322例,占72.9％,高于全国平均水平(2/3)；出现围绝经期症状的平均年龄为(45.88±3.20)岁；绝经的平均年龄为(47.20±3.60)岁.绝经期主要症状表现为烦燥失眠、潮热多汗、眼睛老花、健忘、月经紊乱、腰背关节痛.影响这些症状的主要因素为年龄、职业、社会压力、婚姻状况等(P＜0.01).结论 围绝经期症状严重影响妇女的身心健康及生活质量,今后在益阳市区应因地制宜地大力宣传围绝经期的相关知识,开展社区卫生保健服务,开设专科门诊及心理健康指导,提高妇女自我保健意识,倡导健康生活习惯.

Women perimenopausal symptoms and influencing factors in Yiyang city

【Objective】 To investigate,understand the Yiyang urban perimenopausal women of menopausal status and influencing factors and provide a scientific basis for carrying out the health care of the perimenopausal women,helping women to smooth out the perimenopausal period.【Methods】 A cluster random sampling method was used to select the five communities in Yiyang City aged 40 to 60 442 perimenopausal women,a survey to understand their age at menopause and perimenopausal symptoms and related factors.【Results】 442 cases in the urban area of perimenopausal women,symptoms of 322 cases,accounting for 72.9%,higher than the national average(2/3);the average age of perimenopausal symptoms(45.88±3.2) years;Menopause,the average age(48.20±3.6) years;Menopausal symptoms of irritability,insomnia,hot flashes,sweating,eyes presbyopia forgetfulness,menstrual disorders,back and joint pain.The main factors affecting these symptoms included age,occupation,social pressure,marital status,and some bad habits and so on.【Conclusion】 The perimenopausal symptoms seriously affect women’s physical and mental health and quality of life.According to local conditions in Yiyang City,we should vigorously promote the knowledge of the perimenopausal period,development of community health services,the provision of specialist out-patient and mental health guidance,the advancement of women self-health awareness and promotion of healthy lifestyle.