糖尿病患者结核病患病情况及危险因素分析

目的分析糖尿病患者中结核病的患病情况及危险因素,为结核病的早期发现提供参考依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法对在山东省宁阳县和沂水县24个乡镇518个村筛查出的4 085例糖尿病患者进行结核病的诊断与问卷调查,并采用多因素logistic回归模型对危险因素进行分析。结果4 085例糖尿病患者中发现结核病患者14例,其中13例为新发病例,1例为复治涂阳病例,糖尿病患者结核病患病率为342.72/10万;不同特征糖尿病患者结核病患病情况比较,不同性别、体质指数、焦虑症状糖尿病患者结核病患病情况差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,男性(OR=5.057,95%CI=1.562~16.377)、体质指数<18.5 kg/m²(OR=16.189,95%CI=2.588~101.260)、有焦虑症状(OR=5.214,95%CI=1.772~15.339)是糖尿病患者患结核病的危险因素;与糖尿病患者比较,糖尿病合并结核病患者在过去24 h更易出现咳嗽、发热、高热、乏力的症状(均P<0.05),在过去1个月更易出现咳嗽、咯痰、高热的症状(均P<0.05)。结论糖尿病患者结核病患病率较高,男性、体重较轻、有焦虑症状的糖尿病患者更易患结核病。

Prevalence of tuberculosis and its risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes

Objective To examine the prevalence of tuberculosis and its risk factors in diabetic patients for earlier tuberculosis diagnosis.Methods Stratified-cluster random sampling was used to select 4 085 diabetic patients in Ningyang and Yishui county.Tuberculosis diagnosis and questionnaire survey were conducted in the diabetic patients.Relationship between tuberculosis and related risk factors among the diabetic patients were evaluated using logistic regression analysis.Results Totally 14 tuberculosis cases were diagnosed among the 4 085 diabetic patients.The prevalence of tuberculosis in the patients was 342.72/100 000,compared to 42.82/100 000 in the general population.Patients with comorbid diabetes and tuberculosis were more likely to be male,underweight,anxious(P<0.05 for all)and to have cough,fever,hyperthermia,fatigue in past 24 hours and cough,expectoration and hyperthermia in past one month(P<0.05 for all).ConclusionDiabetic patients have a higher rate of developing tuberculosis.Male,underweight and anxious diabetic patients are more likely to have tuberculosis.