短期应用高渗盐水对重症蛛网膜下腔出血患者颅内压、脑血流量的影响

目的 探讨23.4%高渗盐水(HTS)对重症蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)患者颅内压、脑灌注压、脑血流量(CBF)的影响.方法 16例重症SAH患者(GCS≤8分)在颅压升高时接受静脉输注23.4%HTS,监测用药前及用药后30、60、90、120、150、180 min的颅内压(ICP),平均动脉压(MAP),脑灌注压(CPP)及脑血流速度(FV).结果 用药后30 min可见ICP显著降低,同时MAP、CPP及FV显著升高(P<0.05),ICP显著降低可持续180 min,CPP和FV的改善持续约90 min(P<0.05).结论 HTS能显著降低重症SAH患者的ICP,改善脑组织灌注,可用来纠正脑缺血引起的病生理变化.

Effect of short-term use of hypertonic saline on intracranial pressure, cerebral blood flow in poor-grade patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage while using hypertonic saline for short-term

Objective To investigate the effect of 23.4% hypertonic saline(HTS)on intracranial pressure(ICP), cerebral peffusion pressure(CPP), cerebral blood flow(CBF)in poor-grade patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).Methods Sixteen patients(Glasgow coma score ≤ 8)with poor-grade SAH received 23.4% hypertonic saline intravenously for elevated ICP.ICP, mean arterial pressure(MAP), CPP and the middle cerebral artery flow velocity(FV)were observed and recorded before and at 30, 60, 90,120, 150, 180 min after the injection respectively.Results Thirty minutes postinfusion, a significant increase in MAP, CPP, FV was seen together with a decrease in ICP(P<0.05).ICP remained reduced for 180 minutes, CPP and FV remained elevated for 90 minutes(P < 0.05).Conclusions HTS can significantly decrease ICP and improve CBF in patients with poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage and may be used for reversal of pathophysiologic changes caused by cerebral ischemia.