吉林市部分农村慢性阻塞性肺疾病调查及危险因素分析

目的：了解吉林市农村慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的患病情况及相关危险因素。方法：从2005年11月～2008年5月．采用机械抽样方法，以吉林市3个乡镇中的27个自然村作为调查现场，并以常住40岁以上人群作为调查对象，1秒钟用力呼气量／用力肺活量（FEV1／FVC）〈70％者诊断为COPD。结果：调查的3254人中确诊为COPD的为403例，占12．4％。其中吸烟人群的患病率为26．1％；有职业危害接触史人群的患病率为18．8％；居住环境空气污染的人群患病率为14．5％；均高于总体患病率，经比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：吉林市部分农村COPD的患病率为12．4％，除吸烟为主要危险因素外，职业因素与居住环境也是造成COPD的危险因素。

Risk factors about COPD in some rural areas of Jilin City

Objective To explore the prevalence and related risk factors about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rural areas of Jilin city.Methods We adoped the mechanical sampling method.The resident population over the age of 40 who separately lived in the 27 villages of three townships in Jilin city were surveyed from November 2005 to May 2008.COPD was diagnosed when one--second forced expiratory volume/FVC (FEV1/FVC) was less than 70%.Results 403 cases were diagnosed with COPD among 3254 surveryed people,accounting for 12.4%.The prevalence rate was 26.1% among the smoking crowd,18.8% among the population exposed to occupational hazards,14.5% among the people living in the environment of air pollution.They were higher than the overall prevalence rate,and had a statistical significance (P<0.05) between them.Conclusion The prevalence rate of COPD in some rural areas of Jilin city is 12.4%.Occupational factors and the living environment are risk factors for COPD with the exception of smoking as a major risk factor.