企业员工知觉压力、自我效能与健康相关饮食行为的关系研究

目的研究企业员工健康相关饮食行为的现状及影响因素,分析知觉压力、自我效能与企业员工饮食行为的关系。方法采用方便抽样方法,对杭州、嘉兴、上海4家企业的388名员工进行问卷调查,收集社会人口学特征、知觉压力、自我效能和饮食行为情况,通过典型相关分析和Logistic回归分析,探索企业员工知觉压力、自我效能与健康相关饮食行为的关系。结果社会人口学特征、知觉压力、自我效能与企业员工的饮食行为相关(P<0.001);存在健康危险压力的企业员工容易出现边吃东西边做其他事的情况(P<0.001);自我效能较低的员工对油炸食品、含糖型饮料和甜食的摄入量更多,边吃东西边做其他事的频率更高(P<0.05)。结论知觉压力和自我效能会对企业员工的饮食行为产生影响,在工作场所开展健康干预项目时应考虑提供压力应对、效能提升等方面的帮助措施。

The Relationship among Perceived Stress,Self-efficacy and Health-related Dietary Behaviors of Enterprise Staff

Objective To examine the status of health-related eating behaviors and their influential factors of enterprise staff,and explore the relationship among perceived stress,self-efficacy and eating behaviors.Methods A self-administered questionnaire survey including demographic characteristics,perceived stress,self-efficacy and health-related eating behaviors were conducted in 388 employees from four enterprises in Hangzhou,Jiaxing and Shanghai.Canonical correlation analysis and Logistic regression were used to explore the association of perceived stress,self-efficacy with eating behaviors.Results Demographic characteristics,perceived stress and self-efficacy had effect on eating behaviors of enterprise staff(P﹤0.001).The higher stress levels,the more possible the stuff eat food while doing other things(P﹤0.001).When the self-efficacy of dietary control declined,enterprise staff tended to take more fried food,sweetened beverages,sweets,and eat while detracted(P﹤0.05).Conclusion Perceived stress and self-efficacy are associated with eating behaviors of enterprises staff.Therefore we need to take the stress coping strategies and self-efficacy enhancement in account when we conduct the health promotion projects in worksite.