新生儿急性肝衰竭的病因、诊断及治疗

新生儿急性肝衰竭是发生在新生儿期的急性肝功能完全或大部分丧失、危及生命的一种少见疾病，出生后即可有肝硬化表现，病死率高。主要病因包括妊娠期自身免疫性肝病、病毒感染、血液病、代谢性疾病和缺血性损伤及其他罕见原因等。治疗手段主要为对因治疗，病因不明或既定治疗无反应患者，肝移植仍然是其一项重要的治疗选择。目前新生儿急性肝衰竭相关研究较少，因此需要对影响治疗和预后的因素进行前瞻性研究。

Etiology,diagnosis,and treatment of acute liver failure in neonates

Neonatal acute liver failure is a rare and life-threatening disease in the neonatal period with complete or substantial loss of liver function,and liver cirrhosis can be identified after birth,with a high mortality rate.The main etiologies of this disease include autoimmune liver diseases during pregnancy,viral infection,blood diseases,metabolic diseases,ischemic injury,and other rare causes.At present,etiological treatment is the main treatment method,and liver transplantation is still an important option for patients with unknown etiology or no response to established treatments.Currently there are few studies on neonatal acute liver failure,so prospective studies are needed to investigate the influencing factors for treatment and prognosis.