重症呼吸道合胞病毒肺炎的危险因素分析

目的分析重症呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)肺炎的流行病学和相关危险因素。方法选取2018年1月1日—2019年12月31日杭州市儿童医院收治的RSV阳性且临床诊断为重症肺炎的患儿80例为重症组,RSV阳性且临床诊断为普通肺炎的患儿80例为普通组,采用Logistic多元回归分析重症RSV肺炎的危险因素。结果重症RSV肺炎单因素相关性分析显示秋冬季发病、小月龄、早产、剖宫产、低出生体质量、缺乏母乳喂养、哮喘家族史及患儿基础疾病因素差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:发病季节、月龄、早产、剖宫产、低出生体质量、哮喘家族史及患儿基础疾病与重症RSV肺炎发生率呈现正相关;母乳喂养与重症RSV肺炎发生率呈现负相关,是其保护因素。结论秋冬季为重症RSV肺炎的好发季节,小月龄、早产儿、剖宫产、低出生体质量、哮喘家族史及基础疾病是重症RSV肺炎的危险因素,母乳喂养可降低重症RSV肺炎发生风险。

Analysis of risk factors of severe respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and related risk factors of severe respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)pneumonia.Methods Eighty children with RSV positive and clinically diagnosed was severe pneumonia admitted to Hangzhou Children’s hospital from January 1,2018 to December 31,2019 were selected as the severe group,and 80 children with RSV positive and clinical diagnosis as common pneumonia were selected as the ordinary group,and Logistic multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of severe RSV pneumonia.Results The single factor correlation analysis of severe RSV pneumonia showed that there were statistically significant differences between the onset of autumn and winter,small months of age,premature delivery,cesarean section,low birth weight,lack of breastfeeding,family history of asthma,and underlying disease in children(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the onset season,month age,premature delivery,cesarean section,low birth weight,family history of asthma,and children’s underlying diseases were positively correlated with the incidence of severe RSV pneumonia;breastfeeding was negatively correlated with the incidence of severe RSV pneumonia,which was a protective factor.Conclusion Autumn and winter are the seasons for severe RSV pneumonia.Small months of age,premature infants,cesarean section,low birth weight,family history of asthma,and underlying diseases are risk factors for severe RSV pneumonia.Breastfeeding can reduce the risk of severe RSV pneumonia.